اثر کم‌آبیاری و بیوچار بر روی خصوصیات مرفولوژیک گیاه گشنیز در یک خاک ریزدانه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران.

10.22059/jwim.2024.371077.1136

چکیده

بیوچار به‌عنوان اصلاح‌کننده خاک، سبب بهبود ویژگی‎های فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک می‎شود. تنش رطوبتی نیز یکی از عوامل محدودکننده رشد گیاهان است این پژوهش به‌منظور بررسی اثر کم‎آبیاری و بیوچار بر روی خصوصیات مرفولوژیک گیاه گشنیز در یک خاک ریز دانه بر پایه فاکتوریل به‌صورت کاملاً تصادفی در گلخانه تحقیقاتی و پژوهشی دانشگاه ارومیه انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل سه سطح آبیاری کامل، 75 و 50 درصد نیاز آبی گشنیز (a1، a2، a3) و سه سطح کاربرد بیوچار صفر (بدون کاربرد بیوچار) 5/2 و 5 درصد وزنی هر گلدان (b1، b2، b3) بودند. نتایج حاصل از تجزیه واریانس و مقایسه میانگین صفات موروفولوژیکی اندازه‎گیری‌شده (وزن تر وخشک گیاه، برگ، ساقه و ریشه) نشان داد که این صفات تحت تأثیر سطوح مختلف آبیاری و کاربرد بیوچار اختلاف معنی‎داری داشتند، به‌طوری‌که بیش‌ترین مقدار هر یک از این صفات در تیمار آبیاری کامل و کاربرد 5/2 درصد وزنی بیوچار (a1b2) و کم‌ترین مقدار آن در تیمار آبیاری 50 درصد نیاز آبی و بدون بیوچار (a3b1) مشاهده شد. بیش‌ترین مقدار بهره‎وری آب براساس وزن تر (26/3 کیلوگرم بر مترمعکب) و خشک (49/0 کیلوگرم بر مترمعکب) گیاه از تیمار a2b2 به‌دست آمد. بنابراین می‎توان نتیجه گرفت که کاربرد مقدار مناسب بیوچار سبب کاهش اثرات منفی تنش رطوبتی و بهبود شاخص‎های رشدونمو گیاه در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد می‎شود. بنابراین کاربرد آن برای گیاه در شرایطی که گیاه تحت تنش خشکی است و یا گلخانه‎ها به‌منظور کاهش میزان آب مصرفی و بهبود رشد و عملکرد گیاه توصیه می‎شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of Deficit Irrigation and Biochar on Morphological characteristics of coriander in a fine-grained soil

نویسندگان [English]

  • Elnaz Moslemli
  • Javad Behmanesh
  • Vahid Rezaverdinejad
Irrigation and Drainage Group, Water Engineering Department, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Biochar as a soil amendment improves soil physical and chemical properties. Drought stress is one of the most important factors that limit plants growth. In order to study the effect of biochar on growth and morphological characteristics of coriander in a fine-grained soil under water stress, one factorial experiment in Randomized Complete was carried out in the research greenhouse of Urmia University, Iran. Experimental treatments included three levels of deficit-irrigation 100, 75 and 50 percent of water requirement of coriander (a1, a2 and a3) and three levels of application of biochar 0, 2.5 and 5 percent by weight percentage of each pot (b1, b2 and b3). The results of analysis of variance and comparison of the mean of measured traits (fresh and dry weight of plant, leaves, stems and roots) showed that these traits were significantly different under the influence of different levels of irrigation and biochar application. So that the highest value of each of these traits was observed in the treatment of complete irrigation and application of 2.5 percent by weight of biochar (a1b2) and the lowest value was observed in the irrigation treatment of 50 percent of water requirement and without biochar (a3b1). The highest water productivity based on fresh (3.26 kg/m3) and dry (0.49 kg/m3) of the coriander was obtained from a2b2 treatment. So, it can be concluded that the application of the appropriate amount of biochar reduces the negative effects of moisture stress and improves plant growth and development indicators compared to the control treatment. Therefore, it is recommended to use it for the plant in conditions where the plant is under drought stress or in greenhouses in order to reduce the amount of water consumed and improve the growth and performance of the plant.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Green house cultivation
  • Growth index
  • Plant Growth
  • Water productivity
  • Water stress

مراجع

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مدیریت آب و آبیاری
دوره 14، شماره 3
آذر 1403
صفحه 777-788

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