هیدروپلیتیک رودخانه کابل: نقش آب در تعاملات افغانستان و پاکستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی محیط‌زیست، دانشکده محیط‌زیست، پردیس دانشکده‌های فنی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

2 گروه مهندسی و مدیریت آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.

10.22059/jwim.2023.350891.1029

چکیده

کمربند مرزی افغانستان - پاکستان به دلیل قرارگیری مناطق گلگت - بلتستان (بخشی از منطقه محل مناقشه‌ی کشمیر)، گذرگاه استراتژیک واخان، منطقه خودمختار فدرالی، تنگه خیبر و همچنین یکی از گذرگاه‌های مهم تجارت مواد مخدر در مناطق جنوب غربی افغانستان و بلوچستان پاکستان، از اهمیت ژئوپلیتیکی بسیاری برخوردار است. اختلافات بر سر مدیریت آب حوضه آبریز کابل که از افغانستان سرچشمه گرفته و با عبور از تنگه خیبر وارد پاکستان می‌شود، بر پیچیدگی‌های مسائل مربوط به این کمربند افزوده است. ازاین‌رو، این مقاله با روش توصیفی - تحلیلی و از طریق استناد به مراجع کتابخانه‌ای، ابعاد مختلف هیدروپلیتیک این رودخانه و ریشه‌های اختلافات دو کشور کرانه‌ای آن را در جهت شناخت بخشی از مسائل کمربند مذکور مورد بررسی قرار داده است. نتایج پژوهش نشان ‌می‌دهد که اختلافات دو کشور کرانه‌ای بر سر نحوه مدیریت آب حوضه آبریز کابل تنها به مسائل فنی مرتبط با آن محدود نمی‌شود و بخشی از یک مجموعه اختلافات گسترده‌تر بر سر مسائل اقتصادی، جغرافیایی، سیاسی، امنیتی و حقوقی است که بدون در نظر گرفتن این ابعاد درهم‌تنیده، نمی‌توان به شناخت درستی از نوع اختلافات بر سر این رودخانه و ریشه‌های آنها دست یافت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Hydropolitics of the Kabul River Basin: The Role of Water in Afghanistan-Pakistan Interactions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Behnam Andik 1
  • Hojjat Mianabadi 2
1 Environmental Engineering Department, School of Environment, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
2 Water Engineering and Management Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The Afghanistan-Pakistan belt is of great geopolitical significance due to the location of Gilgit-Baltistan (a part of the disputed region of Kashmir), the strategic Wakhan Corridor, the Federally Administered Tribal Area (FATA), and the Khyber Pass, as well as one of the most important world's drug trade passway in southern Afghanistan and Pakistani Baluchistan. Conflicts over the Kabul river basin management, which originates in Afghanistan and enters Pakistan through the Khyber Pass, have exacerbated the complexity of the issues related to the belt. Using a descriptive-analytical method and referring to library resources, this article has analyzed the various hydropolitical dimensions of this river and the roots of the conflict between two riparians to identify a part of the issues related to this belt. The results reveal that the dispute between the two riparian countries on managing shared water in the Kabul river basin is not limited to related technical issues. This conflict is part of an intertwined set of disputes on economic, geographical, political, security, and legal issues; without considering these complex dimensions, it is impossible to understand the type of disputes over this river and its roots.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Geopolitics
  • Shared water resources
  • Transboundary rivers
  • Water conflicts

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مدیریت آب و آبیاری
دوره 13، شماره 1
فروردین 1402
صفحه 209-237

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