ارزیابی استفاده از آب‌های نامتعارف بر رواناب و رسوب حوضه تجن با استفاده از مدل SWAT

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران.

2 گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.

چکیده

هدف از مطالعه حاضر ارزیابی اعمال سناریوهای استفاده از آب‌های نامتعارف بر مقدار رواناب و رسوب در شش ایستگاه‌ ‏‏(شامل ایستگاه‌های کردخیل، گرم‌رود، ورند، واستان، پرویج‌آباد و علی‌‍آباد) در حوضه آبریز تجن طی سال‌های 2000 تا 2017 با ‏استفاده از مدل ‏SWAT‏ می‌باشد. واسنجی و صحت‌سنجی مدل با استفاده از داده‌های سال‌های 2003 تا 2012 و 2013 تا 2017 ‏انجام و سپس به ارزیابی سناریوهای تخصیص 30 درصد از پساب موجود برای کشاورزی (سناریوی یک)، تخصیص 30 درصد از ‏آب‌های نامتعارف برای تغذیه آبخوان‌ها در شرایط اعمال سناریوی یک (سناریوی دو) و کاهش 20 درصد برداشت از منابع آب ‏زیرزمینی برای آبیاری و استفاده از منابع آب نامتعارف به‌عنوان منابع جایگزین برای تأمین نیاز زیست‌محیطی (سناریوی سه) ‏می‌باشد. ارزیابی کارایی مدل با استفاده از ضرایب ‏R2‎‏ و ‏NSE‏ نشان‌دهنده عملکرد مناسب مدل در شبیه‌سازی این دو پارامتر ‏می‌باشد. نتایج حاکی از آن است که اعمال سناریوی یک بر میزان رواناب و رسوب حوضه تأثیر نداشته، اما با اعمال سناریوی دو ‏میزان رواناب و رسوب به‌ترتیب 4/13 و 1/9 درصد کاهش یافته است. اعمال سناریوی سه نیز موجب کاهش 1/8 درصدی ‏رواناب و 8/8 درصدی رسوب حوضه می‌شود. براساس سناریوی سه باید 10 تا 20 درصد دبی سالانه برای شش‌ماهه دوم و 30 ‏تا 40 درصد میانگین دبی سالانه برای شش‌ماهه اول سال به‌منظور تأمین نیاز زیست‌محیطی در نظر گرفته شود. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده ‏از پژوهش حاضر نشان می‌دهد که استفاده از آب‌های نامتعارف علاوه بر رفع کمبود آب مشکلات ناشی از جاری‌شدن رواناب و ‏ته‌نشینی رسوبات را نیز کاهش می‌دهد. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of the Use of Non-Conventional Waters on the Runoff and Sedimentation of the Tajen Basin Using the SWAT Model

نویسندگان [English]

  • alireza zarei ghorkhodi 1
  • Ali Shahnazari 1
  • fatemeh mohammadi 2
1 Water Engineering Department, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran.
2 Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Lack of water resources in Mazandaran province and the volume of effluent produced in different sectors, ‎has caused that in order to reduce the withdrawal of surface and groundwater resources in the province, the ‎use and management of unconventional water resources, much attention is paid. The purpose of the present ‎study is to evaluate the application of unconventional water use scenarios on the amount of runoff and ‎sediment in six stations (including Kordakhil, Garmroud, Varand, Vastan, Parvijabad and Aliabad stations) in ‎the Tejn watershed during the years 2000 to 2017 using the SWAT model. Recalibration and validation of the ‎model using data from 2003 to 2012 and 2013 to 2017 and then to evaluate the scenarios of allocating 30% of ‎the available wastewater for agriculture (scenario one), allocating 30% of unconventional water to feed ‎aquifers in the conditions of applying scenario one (scenario two) and a 20% reduction in the extraction of ‎underground water sources for irrigation and the use of unconventional water sources as alternative sources ‎to meet environmental needs (scenario three).‎‏ ‏Evaluating the efficiency of the model using R2 and NSE ‎coefficients shows the proper performance of the model in simulating these two parameters. The results ‎indicate that the application of scenario one did not affect the amount of runoff and sediment in the basin, but ‎with the application of scenario two, the amount of runoff and sediment decreased by 13.4% and 9.1%, ‎respectively. Applying Scenario three should be 10 to 20% of the annual discharge for the second six months ‎and 30 to 40% of the average annual discharge for the first six months of the year in order to meet the ‎environmental needs. The results obtained from the present research show that the use of non-conventional ‎water, in addition to solving the water shortage, also reduces the problems caused by the flow of runoff and ‎the settling of sediments.‎

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Groundwater
  • Return water
  • Sewage
  • Simulation
  • Water crisis

مراجع

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مدیریت آب و آبیاری
دوره 12، شماره 4
بهمن 1401
صفحه 713-728

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