ارزیابی عملکرد توزیع آب آبیاری در کانال‌های اصلی و فرعی شبکه آبیاری آبشار اصفهان تحت سناریوهای بهره‌برداری نرمال و کم‌آبی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد سازه‌های آبی، گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکدگان ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد منابع آب، گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکدگان ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

3 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکدگان ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

این مطالعه با توسعه مدل شبیه­‌ساز هیدرولیک جریان در کانال­ آبیاری، اقدام به ارزیابی مکانی کفایت توزیع آب در محدوده شبکه آبیاری آبشار اصفهان نمود. برای این منظور شبیه­‌سازی توزیع آب بین آبگیرهای کانال اصلی و فرعی، در طول یک فصل آبیاری، براساس تحلیل مکانی شاخص ارزیابی عملکرد کفایت توزیع آب، انجام شد. برنامه­‌ریزی توزیع و تحویل روزانه، مطابق با آن‌چه در واقعیت انجام می‌­شود، براساس اطلاعات حقابه، فروش آب و سهم مشخص‌شده برای هر دریچه آبگیر درجه دو و درجه سه، تهیه و با مدل ساده‌شده ریاضی انتگرالی-تأخیری در محیط MATLAB لینک شد. پنج سناریوی بهره­‌برداری، نماینده شرایط نرمال، پرآبی و کم‌آبی، مطابق با الگوهای غالب تخصیص آب سطحی در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج شبیه‌­سازی در کانال‌­های اصلی و فرعی، حاکی از روند غالباً کاهشی کفایت تحویل آب از آبگیرهای بالادست تا پایین­دست، بوده به­‌طوری‌ که تحت سناریوهای کم­‌آبی پنج، 15 و 30 درصد شاخص کفایت به‌ترتیب در محدوده‌­های 69-41 درصد، 95-29 درصد و 65-19 درصد متغیر بوده است. توجیه این پدیده علاوه بر ماهیت کنترل بالادستی‌بودن بهره‌برداری، به ناکارآمدی روش سنتی بهره­‌برداری دستی و هم‌چنین عدم انعطاف‌­پذیری کافی سازه­‌های تنظیم سطح آب و آبگیرها، در توزیع قابل اعتماد آب آبیاری تحت سناریوهای کم‌آبی می‌­باشد. با کاهش جریان ورودی، به سبب کم‌­آبی، آسیب­‌پذیری فرایند توزیع آب در آبگیرهای پایین­دست افزایش یافته و شرایط مطلوب تحویل آب تنها در تعداد محدودی از آبگیرها واقع شده در ابتدای کانال­های اصلی و فرعی دیده می‌­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Performance Appraisal of Irrigation Water Distribution within the Abshar Irrigation Districts’ Main and Lateral Canals in Normal and Water Shortages Operational Scenarios

نویسندگان [English]

  • Soroush Barkhordari 1
  • Melika Ebrahim Najari 2
  • S. Mehdy Hashemy Shahdany 3
1 M.Sc. Graduated in Water Structure, Department of Water Engineering, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
2 M.Sc. Student of Water Resources, Department of Water Engineering, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Department of Water Engineering, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

By developing a hydraulic simulator model of flow in irrigation canals, this study proceeded to spatially evaluate the adequacy of irrigation water distribution in the main and secondary canals of the waterfall irrigation network located in Isfahan province. For this purpose, a water distribution simulation between main and secondary canal catchments was performed during an irrigation season, based on spatial analysis of the water distribution performance adequacy index. According to what is done, daily distribution and delivery planning based on the information of water supply, water sales, and specified share for each second and third-degree intake valve, and with a simplified integral-delay mathematical model in MATLAB environment was linked. Five exploitation scenarios, representing normal conditions, waterlogging, and water scarcity, were considered following the prevailing patterns of surface water allocation - based on information collected in the last ten years from the irrigation network operation office. The simulation results in the main and secondary canals indicate a frequently decreasing trend of water delivery adequacy from upstream to downstream catchments, so that the adequacy index under water deficit scenarios of five, 15 and 30 percent in the range of 41-69 percent, respectively, 95-29 percent and 65-19 percent. The required water has reservoirs located downstream of the main canals. In addition to the nature of upstream control of the operation, the justification for this phenomenon is the inefficiency of the traditional manual operation method and the insufficient flexibility of water level adjustment structures and reservoirs in the reliable distribution of irrigation water under water scarcity scenarios. With the decrease in inlet flow due to water shortage, the vulnerability of the water distribution process in the downstream catchments has increased, and the favorable water delivery conditions can be seen only in a limited number of catchments located at the beginning of the main and secondary canals.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Abshar Irrigation District
  • Adequacy of water distribution
  • Flow hydraulic simulation
  • Water deficit
  • Water distribution spatial analysis

مراجع

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مدیریت آب و آبیاری
دوره 12، شماره 2
تیر 1401
صفحه 389-404

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