تأثیر گیاه نی بر حذف عناصر مس، سرب، روی و کادمیم در تالاب مصنوعی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 1. دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مهندسی آبیاری و زهکشی، دانشکدگان ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

2 2. استادیار، گروه مهندسی آبیاری و زهکشی، دانشکدگان ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

3 3. استادیار، گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکده مهندسی، دانشگاه مک کوئری، سیدنی، استرالیا.

چکیده

این مطالعه به بررسی تاثیر گیاه نی در تالاب‌های مصنوعی برای حذف عناصر مس، سرب، روی و کادمیم و مقادیر مختلف COD پرداخته است. به منظور بررسی پارامترهای مختلفی مانند pH، غلظت اولیه COD(120، 500 و 1000 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر) و غلظت ‌اولیه عناصر مس، سرب، روی و کادمیم(2، 10 و 30 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر) ستون‌هایی برای شبیه‌سازی تالاب‌های مصنوعی از لوله‌های P.V.C با قطر داخلی 16 سانتی‌متر و ارتفاع 70 سانتی‌متر ساخته‌شد و نمونه پساب تزریق شده به ستون مطابق زمان ماند هیدرولیکی محاسبه شده(3 روز) از قسمت خروجی ستون جمع‌آوری و مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد بیوماس ریشه گیاهان تالابی اثر مثبتی بر راندمان حذف آلاینده‌ها داشته است. نتایج ارزیابی pH نشان داد با افزایش غلظت عناصر روی، کادمیم، مس و سرب مقدار pH کاهش یافت. همچنین مطابق نتایج بیشترین راندمان حذف COD (25/17درصد) در غلظت 500 میلی‌گرم برلیتر اتفاق افتاد. نتایج بررسی راندمان حذف آلاینده‌ها نشان داد با افزایش غلظت آلاینده‌ از 2 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر به 10 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر راندمان حذف افزایش یافت و پس از آن در غلظت 30 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر کاهش یافت. بیشترین راندمان حذف در زمان 90 دقیقه در غلظت‌ 10 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر برای یون‌های مس، سرب، روی و کادمیم به ترتیب 84/63 درصد، 77/60 درصد، 14/59 درصد و 71/57 درصد بود. مطابق نتایج وجود گیاه نی و استفاده از سیستم تالاب‌های مصنوعی با بستر شنی تاثیر مثبتی بر راندمان حذف عناصر مس، سرب، روی و کادمیم نشان داد اما تاثیر زیادی در راندمان حذف COD نداشته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of Phragmites australis on removal of copper, lead, zinc and cadmium in constructed wetland

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hoda Kahrizi 1
  • Seyyed Ebrahim Hashemi Garmdareh 2
  • Rouzbeh Abbassi 3
1 1. Ph.D. Candidate, Department of irrigation and drainage engineering, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
2 2. Associate Professor, Department of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.
چکیده [English]

This study investigated the effect of Phragmites australis in constructed wetlands for removing copper, lead, zinc and cadmium and different concentrations of COD. In order to study various parameters such as pH, initial concentrations of COD (120, 500 and 1000 mg / l) and initial concentrations of copper, lead, zinc and cadmium (2, 10 and 30 mg / l). PVC pipes with an inner diameter of 16 cm and a height of 70 cm were made as columns to simulate the performance of constructed wetlands. For evaluating these parameters, Effluent wastewater samples were calculated according to the hydraulic retention time (3 days) from the outlet of the column. The results showed that the biomass of the roots of wetland plants had a positive effect on the removal efficiency. In addition, the results of pH evaluation showed that the amount of pH was decreased with increasing of zinc, cadmium, copper and lead′s concentrations. Moreover, according to the results, the maximum COD removal efficiency (17.25%) was occurred in 500 mg/l. The results of pollutant removal efficiency showed that with increasing the concentration of pollutants from 2 mg/l to 10 mg/l, the removal efficiency was increased, then with increase of initial concentrations of heavy metals to 30 mg/l it was decreased. The highest removal efficiencies of copper, lead, zinc and cadmium ions in 90 minutes were 63.84%, 60.77%, 59.14% and 57.71%, respectively. According to the results, the presence of Phragmites australis and use of constructed wetland systems with sandy bed showed a positive effect on the removal efficiency of copper, lead, zinc and cadmium, but was not effective on COD removal efficiency.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Constructed wetland
  • Trace element
  • Removal efficiency
  • Wastewater treatment

مراجع

  1. Abbassi, R., Yadav, A.K., Huang, S., & Jaffe, P.R.. (2014). Laboratory study of nitrification, denitrification and anammox processes in membrane bioreactors considering periodic aeration. Environ. Manage, 142, 5-59.
  2. Angelakis, A.N., & Snyder, S.A. (2015). Wastewater treatment and reuse: past, present and future. Water, 7, 4887-4895.
  3. Baldwin, D.S., &Mitchell, A. (2012). Impact of sulfate pollution on anaerobic biogeochemical cycles in a wetland sediment. Water Res, 46, 965-974.
  4. Chen, Y., Wen, Y., Zhou, Q., Huang, J., Vymazal, J., & Kuschk, P. (2016). Sulfate removal and sulfur transformation in constructed wetlands: The roles of filling material and plant biomass. Journal of Water Research, 102, 572-581.
  5. Chowdhury, B.A., Friel, J.K., & Chandra, R.K. (1987). Cadmium-induced immunopathology is prevented by zinc administration in mice. Nutr, 117, 1788-1794.
  6. Colmer, T.D. (2003). Long-distance transport of gases in plants: a perspective on internal aeration and radial oxygen loss from roots. Plant Cell Environ, 26, 17-36.
  7. Di, L., Li, Y., Nie, L., Wang, S., & Kong, F. (2020). Influence of plant radial oxygen loss in constructed wetland combined with microbial fuel cell on nitrobenzene removal from aqueous solution. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 394, 122542.
  8. Dominguez-Benetton, X. (2018). Metal recovery by microbial electro-metallurgy. Prog. Sci., 94, 435-461.
  9. Egle, L., Rechberger, Krampe, J., & Zessner, M. (2016). Phosphorus recovery from municipal wastewater: an integrated comparative technological, environmental and economic assessment of P recovery technologies. Total Environ, 571, 522-542.
  10. Fu, F., & Wang, Q. (2011). Removal of heavy metal ions from wastewaters: a review. Environ. Manage, 92, 407-418.
  11. Gagnon, V., Chazarenc, F., Comeau, Y., & Brisson, J. (2007). Influence of macrophyte species on microbial density and activity in constructed wetlands, Water Sci. Technol, 56, 249-254.
  12. Galanis, A., Karapetsas, A., & Sandaltzopoulos, R. (2009). Metal-induced carcinogenesis, oxidative stress and hypoxia signaling. Mutat. Res./Genet. Toxicol., Mutagen, 674, 31-35.
  13. Greenway, M. (2004). The role of constructed wetlands in secondary effluent treatment and water reuse in subtropical and and Australia. In: 87th Canadian Chemistry Conference and Exhibition, London, Canada. 501-509.
  14. Gunther, S., Grunert, M., & Muller, S. (2018). Overview of the recent advances in phosphorus recovery for fertilizer production. Life Sci., 18, 434-439.
  15. Gupta, S., Nayak, A., Roy, Ch., & Yadav, A.K. (2021). An algal assisted constructed wetland-microbial fuel cell integrated with sand filter for efficient wastewater treatment and electricity production. Journal of Chemosphere, 263, 128-132.
  16. Gupta, S., Srivastava, P., & Yadav, A.K. (2019). Simultaneous removal of organic matters and nutrients from high-strength wastewater in constructed wetlands followed by entrapped algal systems. Environ. Pollut. Res, 27, 1112-1117.
  17. Hamad, M. (2020). Comparative study on the performance of Typha latifolia and Cyperus Papyrus on the removal of heavy metals and enteric bacteria from wastewater by surface constructed wetlands. Journal of Chemosphere, 260, 127551.
  18. Hume, N.P., Fleming, M.S., & Horne, A.J. (2002). Denitrification potential and carbon quality of four aquatic plants in wetland microcosms. Soil Sci. Am. J., 66, 1706-1712.
  19. Jasper, J.T., Jones, Z.L., Sharp, J.O., & Sedlak, D.L. (2014). Biotransformation of trace organic contaminants in open-water unit process treatment wetlands. Sci. Technol., 48, 5136-5144.
  20. Jia, L., Liu, H., Kong, Q., Li, M., Wu, Sh., & Wu, H. (2020). Interactions of high-rate nitrate reduction and heavy metal mitigation in iron-carbon-based constructed wetlands for purifying contaminated groundwater. Journal of Water Research, 115285.
  21. Kabutey, F.T., Antwi, Ph., Ding, J., Zhao, Q., & Quashie, F.K. (2019). Enhanced bioremediation of heavy metals and bioelectricity generation in a macrophyte-integrated cathode sediment microbial fuel cell (mSMFC). Journal of Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26, 26829-26843.
  22. McDonald, M.P., Galwey, N.W., & Colmer, T.D. (2002). Similarity and diversity in adventitious root anatomy as related to root aeration among a range of wetland and dryland grass species. Plant Cell Environ, 25, 441-451.
  23. Nancharaiah, Y.V., Mohan, S.V., & Lens, P.N.L. (2016). Biological and bioelectrochemical recovery of critical and scarce metals. Trends Biotechnol, 34, 137-155.
  24. O’Flaherty, V., Mahony, T., O’Kennedy, R., & Colleran, E. (1998). Effect of pH on growth kinetics and sulphide toxicity thresholds of a range of methanogenic, syntrophic and sulphate-reducing bacteria. Process Biochem, 33, 555-569.
  25. Oodally, A., Gulamhussein, M., & Randall, D.G. (2019). Investigating the performance of constructed wetland microbial fuel cells using three indigenous South African wetland plants. Water Process Eng, 32, 100930.
  26. Oon, Y.L., Ong, S.A., Ho, L.N., Wong, Y.S., Oon, Y.-S., Lehl, H.K., & Thung, W.E. (2015). Hybrid system up-flow constructed wetland integrated with microbial fuel cell for simultaneous wastewater treatment and electricity generation. Technol., 186, 270-275.
  27. Pedersen, A.J., Ottosen, L.M., & Villumsen, A. (2003). Electrodialytic removal of heavy metals from different fly ashes influence of heavy metal speciation in the ashes. Hazard. Mater., 100, 65.
  28. Perfus-Barbeoch, L., Leonhardt, N., Vavasseur, A., & Forestier, C. (2002). Heavy metal toxicity: cadmium permeates through calcium channels and disturbs the plant water status. Plant J., 32, 539-548.
  29. Richards, A., et al. (2007). C-terminal truncations in human 3’-5’ DNA exonuclease TREX1 cause autosomal dominant retinal vasculopathy with cerebral leukodystrophy. Genet., 39, 1068-1070.
  30. Saeed, T., Alam, K., Miah, J., & Majed, N. (2021). Removal of heavy metals in subsurface flow constructed wetlands: Application of effluent recirculation. Journal of Environmental and Sustainability Indicators, 12, 100146.
  31. Saz, C., Ture, C., Turker, O.C., & Yakar, A. (2018). Effect of vegetation type on treatment performance and bioelectric production of constructed wetland modules combined with microbial fuel cell (CW-MFC) treating synthetic wastewater, Sci. Pollut. Res. - Int., 25, 8777-8792.
  32. Sengupta, S., Nawaz, T., & Beaudry, J. (2015). Nitrogen and phosphorus recovery from wastewater. Pollut. Rep., 1 (3), 155-166.
  33. Smith, K., Liu, S., Hu, H.Y., Dong, X., Wen, X. (2018). Water and energy recovery: the future of wastewater in China. Total. Environ. 637_638, 1466_1470.
  34. Stein, O.R., Borden-Stewart, D.J., Hook, P.B., & Jones, W.L. (2007). Seasonal influence on sulfate reduction and zinc sequestration in subsurface treatment wetlands. Water Res., 41, 3440-3448.
  35. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). (2017). Wastewater: The Untapped Resource. Paris, France.
  36. Wang, H., & Ren, Z.J. (2014). Bioelectrochemical metal recovery from wastewater: a review. Water Res., 66, 219-232.
  37. Wang, J.F., Song, X.S., Wang, Y.H., Bai, H., Bai, J.H., Yan, D.M., Cao, Y., Li, Y.H., Yu, Z.L., & Dong, G.Q. (2017). Bioelectricity generation, contaminant removal and bacterial community distribution as affected by substrate material size and aquatic macrophyte in constructed wetland-microbial fuel cell, Technol, 245, 372-378.
  38. Wang, Q., Du, G., & Chen, J. (2004). Aerobic granular sludge cultivated under the selective pressure as a driving force. Process Biochem., 39, 557-563.
  39. Wang, Z., Lim, B., & Choi, C. (2011). Bioresource technology removal of Hg21 as an electron acceptor coupled with power generation using a microbial fuel cell. Technol., 102, 6304-6307.
  40. Watts, J. (2003). Concern over mercury pollution in India. Direct, 362.
  41. Wu, S.B., Kuschk, P., Wiessner, A., Muller, J., Saad, R.A.B., & Dong, R.J. (2013). Sulphur transformations in constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment: a review. Eng., 52, 278-289.
  42. Yadav, A.K., Dash, P., Mohanty, A., Abbassi, R., & Mishra, B.K. (2012). Performance assessment of innovative constructed wetland-microbial fuel cell for electricity production and dye removal. Eng., 47, 126-131.
  43. Yu, G., Wang, G., Li, J., Chi, T., Wang, Sh., Peng, H., Chen, H., Du, Ch., Jiang, Ch., Liu, Y., Zhou, L., & Wu, H. (2020). Enhanced Cd2+ and Zn2+ removal from heavy metal wastewater in constructed wetlands with resistant microorganisms. Journal of Bioresource Technology, 316, 123898.
مدیریت آب و آبیاری
دوره 12، شماره 1
فروردین 1401
صفحه 59-69

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار