تأثیر گیاه نی بر حذف عناصر مس، سرب، روی و کادمیم در تالاب مصنوعی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 1. دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مهندسی آبیاری و زهکشی، دانشکدگان ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

2 2. استادیار، گروه مهندسی آبیاری و زهکشی، دانشکدگان ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

3 3. استادیار، گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکده مهندسی، دانشگاه مک کوئری، سیدنی، استرالیا.

چکیده

این مطالعه به بررسی تاثیر گیاه نی در تالاب‌های مصنوعی برای حذف عناصر مس، سرب، روی و کادمیم و مقادیر مختلف COD پرداخته است. به منظور بررسی پارامترهای مختلفی مانند pH، غلظت اولیه COD(120، 500 و 1000 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر) و غلظت ‌اولیه عناصر مس، سرب، روی و کادمیم(2، 10 و 30 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر) ستون‌هایی برای شبیه‌سازی تالاب‌های مصنوعی از لوله‌های P.V.C با قطر داخلی 16 سانتی‌متر و ارتفاع 70 سانتی‌متر ساخته‌شد و نمونه پساب تزریق شده به ستون مطابق زمان ماند هیدرولیکی محاسبه شده(3 روز) از قسمت خروجی ستون جمع‌آوری و مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد بیوماس ریشه گیاهان تالابی اثر مثبتی بر راندمان حذف آلاینده‌ها داشته است. نتایج ارزیابی pH نشان داد با افزایش غلظت عناصر روی، کادمیم، مس و سرب مقدار pH کاهش یافت. همچنین مطابق نتایج بیشترین راندمان حذف COD (25/17درصد) در غلظت 500 میلی‌گرم برلیتر اتفاق افتاد. نتایج بررسی راندمان حذف آلاینده‌ها نشان داد با افزایش غلظت آلاینده‌ از 2 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر به 10 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر راندمان حذف افزایش یافت و پس از آن در غلظت 30 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر کاهش یافت. بیشترین راندمان حذف در زمان 90 دقیقه در غلظت‌ 10 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر برای یون‌های مس، سرب، روی و کادمیم به ترتیب 84/63 درصد، 77/60 درصد، 14/59 درصد و 71/57 درصد بود. مطابق نتایج وجود گیاه نی و استفاده از سیستم تالاب‌های مصنوعی با بستر شنی تاثیر مثبتی بر راندمان حذف عناصر مس، سرب، روی و کادمیم نشان داد اما تاثیر زیادی در راندمان حذف COD نداشته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of Phragmites australis on removal of copper, lead, zinc and cadmium in constructed wetland

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hoda Kahrizi 1
  • Seyyed Ebrahim Hashemi Garmdareh 2
  • Rouzbeh Abbassi 3
1 1. Ph.D. Candidate, Department of irrigation and drainage engineering, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
2 2. Associate Professor, Department of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.
چکیده [English]

This study investigated the effect of Phragmites australis in constructed wetlands for removing copper, lead, zinc and cadmium and different concentrations of COD. In order to study various parameters such as pH, initial concentrations of COD (120, 500 and 1000 mg / l) and initial concentrations of copper, lead, zinc and cadmium (2, 10 and 30 mg / l). PVC pipes with an inner diameter of 16 cm and a height of 70 cm were made as columns to simulate the performance of constructed wetlands. For evaluating these parameters, Effluent wastewater samples were calculated according to the hydraulic retention time (3 days) from the outlet of the column. The results showed that the biomass of the roots of wetland plants had a positive effect on the removal efficiency. In addition, the results of pH evaluation showed that the amount of pH was decreased with increasing of zinc, cadmium, copper and lead′s concentrations. Moreover, according to the results, the maximum COD removal efficiency (17.25%) was occurred in 500 mg/l. The results of pollutant removal efficiency showed that with increasing the concentration of pollutants from 2 mg/l to 10 mg/l, the removal efficiency was increased, then with increase of initial concentrations of heavy metals to 30 mg/l it was decreased. The highest removal efficiencies of copper, lead, zinc and cadmium ions in 90 minutes were 63.84%, 60.77%, 59.14% and 57.71%, respectively. According to the results, the presence of Phragmites australis and use of constructed wetland systems with sandy bed showed a positive effect on the removal efficiency of copper, lead, zinc and cadmium, but was not effective on COD removal efficiency.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Constructed wetland
  • Trace element
  • Removal efficiency
  • Wastewater treatment
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