بررسی ضخامت فیلتر شنی بر تصفیه آب در آبیاری قطره ‏ای

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مهندسی آبیاری و آبادانی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی آبیاری و آبادانی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.

3 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مهندسی آبیاری و آبادانی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.

چکیده

استفاده از سامانههای آبیاری قطرهای در کشاورزی با مزایای متعددی همراه است، انسداد فیلترها و قطره‌چکانها و در نتیجه کاهش یکنواختی پخش آب مسئله‏ای است که طرح و ساخت مناسب فیلتر می‏تواند یکی از این راهکارهای حل مناسب آن مسئله باشد. در این مطالعه از یک مدل فیزیکی شامل یک مخزن فیلتر به ارتفاع یک متر و قطر 60 سانتی‏متر جهت جایگذاری شن و ماسه با دانه‏بندی مختلف و ضخامت لایه متفاوت به‏همراه یک پمپ با توان 0.5 اسب بخار به‏منظور تامین فشار، دو عدد فشارسنج برای تعیین افت بار هیدرولیکی در فیلتر شنی، آب خام با کیفیت مشخص استفاده شد. از 9 تیمار دانهبندی و لایهبندی و دو تیمار کیفیت آب حاوی مقادیر مواد معلق در آن استفاده شد. دانه ‏بندی این تیمارها به ترتیب 1.77، 0.89 و 0.45 میلی‏متر بود. نتایج نشان داد تغییرات افت بار در بازه‌ دانه ‏بندی 1.77– 0.89 کمتر از بازه ی 0.89– 0.45 است و با ریزتر شدن اندازه ذرات شن افت بار افزایش یافت. نتایج نشان داد تغییرات درصد تصفیه در بازه ی دانه بندی 1.77– 0.89 کمتر از بازه ی 0.89– 0.45 می باشد و با افزایش ارتفاع لایه وسط درصد تصفیه فیلترها افزایش یافت. اما تغییرات درصد تصفیه به ازای تغییر ارتفاع از 12 تا 17 سانتی‏متر بیشتر از تغییرات درصد تصفیه از 17 تا 22 سانتی‏متر بود. ذرات رس، بقایای گیاهی، حشرات جزء مواد معلق در آب می‏باشند که بایستی برای آبیاری قطره‏ای توسط فیلترها تصفیه شوند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of Sand Filter Thickness on Water Treatment in Drip Irrigation

نویسندگان [English]

  • Omid Raja 1
  • Farhad Mirzaei 2
  • Esmail Shahriyari 3
1 Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Irrigation and Reclamation Engineering, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Irrigation and Reclamation, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
3 Former M.Sc. Student, Department of Irrigation and Reclamation Engineering, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The use of drip irrigation systems in agriculture is associated with several problems. Clogging of filters and drippers and, thus reducing the uniformity of water distribution needs to be addressed. Proper design and construction of the filter can be one of these suitable solutions to the problem. In this study, a physical model including a filter tank with a height of one meter and a diameter of 60 cm for placing sand with different sand size and thickness of different layers along with a pump, a power of 0.5 horsepower to provide pressure, two pressure gauges were used to determine the hydraulic load losses in the sand filter and, raw water of specified quality. 9 treatments of granulation and layering and, two treatments of water quality containing the amount of suspended solids were used. The aggregation of these treatments was 1.77, 0.89, and 0.45 mm, respectively. The results showed that the load loss changes in the granulation range of 0.89 – 1.77 mm is less than the range of 0.45–0.89 mm. the load loss increased with the smaller particle size of sand. The results showed that the percentage change of filtration in the granulation range of 1.77 - 0.89 is less than the range of 0.45 - 0.89 mm and with increasing the height of the middle layer, the percentage of filtration of filters increased. The results showed that the percentage change of filtration in the granulation range of 0.89 – 1.77 mm is less than the range of 0.45 - 0.89 mm. The percentage of filtration increased with increasing the height of the middle layer. But, the changes in the percentage of filtration for changing the height from 12 to 17 cm were more than the changes in the percentage of filtration from 17 to 22 cm. Clay particles, plant debris, insects are water-soluble substances that must be refined by filters for drip irrigation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Drip irrigation
  • Sand filter
  • Thickness
  • Water treatment

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Gachon
مدیریت آب و آبیاری
دوره 11، شماره 1
اردیبهشت 1400
صفحه 73-86

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