ارزیابی اثرهای آبیاری بلندمدت با پساب شهری بر توزیع مکانی پارامترهای شوری و سدیمی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری آبیاری و زهکشی، گروه مهندسی آب، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

2 استاد گروه مهندسی آب، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

3 استادیار موسسه تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی

چکیده

در این مطالعه، اثرهای استفادۀ بلندمدت از پساب شهری (دورۀ بیش از 40 سال) روی محتوای نمک خاک و پارامترهای مرتبط با آن در اراضی جنوب تهران ارزیابی شده است. برای این تحلیل، روش‌های مختلف کریجینگ آزموده شد که مطابق با شاخص‌های مدل برتر، در نهایت برای پارامترهای pH، Clay، Na+، Mg2+ و SAR مدل کریجینگ معمولی (OK)، برای پارامترهای EC و Cl- مدل کریجینگ لوگ نرمال (Log-normal K) و برای پارامتر Ca2+ مدل کریجینگ انفصالی (DK) انتخاب گردید. در این مطالعه، متغیرهای Na+، Cl- و SAR با بیشترین نسبت اثر قطعه‌ای به آستانه، بیش از سایر پارامترها تأثیرپذیری از عوامل برونی (آبیاری بلندمدت با پساب شهری) را نشان دادند. همچنین با وجود استفاده از پساب‌های شهری، EC خاک‌ها کمتر (تا نصف) از حد بحرانی بود که می‌توان آن را به حجم زیاد و دسترسی دائمی به این آب‌ها نسبت داد که جزء آب‌شویی را به‌خوبی پوشش داده است؛ لیکن پارامترهای Na+و SAR حدود بیش از حد بحرانی داشتند که نیازمند اقدام مدیریتی نظیر استفاده از گچ است. بافت سنگین منطقه، عاملی تقویت‌کننده در سدیمی‌شدن اراضی است که به علت درصد رس بیشتر از 25 درصد برای کل اراضی، پدیدۀ سدیمی‌شدن، کل منطقۀ مورد مطالعه را تهدید می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessment of long term wastewater irrigation impacts on spatial distribution of salinity and sodicity parameters

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fateme Sasani 1
  • Houshang Ghamarnia 2
  • Bahman Yargholi 3
1 Ph.D. Student, Department of Water Resources Engineering, Campus of Agricultural and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Water Resources Engineering, Campus of Agricultural and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Agricultural Engineering Research Institute (AERI), Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

In this study, the effects of long term use of urban wastewater (over 40 years) on soil salt content and related parameters were evaluated in the lands south of Tehran. For this analysis, Kriging methods were tested. According to the suitable model indices, Ordinary Kriging (OK) was suitable for pH, Clay, Na+, Mg2+ and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) interpolation; Log-normal Kriging (log-normal K) was suitable for soil EC and Cl-; DK was suitable for soil Ca2+. In this study, Na+, Cl- and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) variables with the highest nugget-to-sill ratio showed most affected by extrinsic variations (long term irrigation with wastewater). In spite of wastewater irrigation, results showed low amounts for EC of soils (less than half the critical limit) attributed to good leaching through high and permanent water bodies. However, Na+ and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) with amounts higher than critical limit showed need to management measures like gypsum application. Heavy soil of area is a reinforcing factor in sodicity trend related to clay percent higher than 25, so sodicity risk treats total area of study region.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • extrinsic factors
  • heavy soil
  • nugget to sill
  • ordinary and disjunctive Kriging

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مدیریت آب و آبیاری
دوره 5، شماره 2
پاییز و زمستان
مهر 1394
صفحه 229-241

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