مدل یک‌بعدی انتقال آلاینده در رودخانه‌های طبیعی با تأکید بر نقش نواحی نگهداشت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموختۀ کارشناسی ارشد گروه سازه‌های آبی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران

2 استادیار گروه سازه‌های آبی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران

3 استاد گروه سازه‌های آبی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران

چکیده

رودخانه‌ها از منابع اصلی تأمین آب شرب و کشاورزی هستند؛ بنابراین، کنترل و مدل‌سازی دقیق کیفیت آب رودخانه‌ها به‌منظور حفظ سلامت انسان‌ها و پایداری محیط‌زیست ضروری است. یکی از مواردی که انتقال مادۀ آلاینده، به‌ویژه در نهرهای کوهستانی کوچک را به شدت تحت تأثیر قرار می‌دهد، نواحی نگهداشت موقت هستند. تأثیرات اصلی این نواحی شامل حبس موقتی مادۀ آلاینده، کاهش غلظت این مواد در پایین‌دست و تأثیر غیرمستقیم بر فرایند جذب در بستر نهر است. هدف این تحقیق، ارائۀ مدلی جدید و جامع با تلفیق الگوهای عددی با درجۀ دقت بسیار (روش QUICK)(Choi, 2000 #34) برای شبیه‌سازی انتقال آلاینده با لحاظ نگهداشت موقت و جذب سینتیک در رودخانه‌ها با مقطع نامنظم تحت رژیم جریان غیرماندگار است. نتایج اجرای مدل برای مثالی فرضی و دو سری دادۀ واقعی و مقایسۀ آن‌ها با نتایح دو مدل رایج دیگر، حاکی از دقت مطلوب و پایداری عددی فراوان آن بود. بنابراین، می‌توان مدل را در بسیاری از مطالعات انتقال آلاینده به‌عنوان جایگزین مناسبی برای مدل‌های رایج فعلی پیشنهاد کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

One-dimensional pollutant transport model in natural rivers, with emphasis on the role of storage zones

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maryam Barati Moghaddam 1
  • Mehdi Mazaheri 2
  • Jamal Mohammadvali Samani 3
1 Msc. Graduate of Water Structures, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Water Structures, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Iran
3 Professor, Department of Water Structures, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Iran
چکیده [English]

Rivers are one of the major resources of drinking and agriculture water, so accurate control and modeling of their water quality is essential for protection of human health and environment stability. Transient storage zones have a great effect on contaminant transport, especially in small mountain streams. The main effects include temporary detainment of solute and decrease its concentration in downstream and indirect effect on sorption process of solutes at streambed. In this study a new and comprehensive model that merges numerical schemes with higher order accuracy (QUICK scheme), for modeling pollutant transport with transient storage zones and kinetic sorption in rivers with irregular cross sections at unsteady flow regime, is presented. The model results for a hypothetical example and two sets of real data and comparison of them with results of two common models, show that model have reasonable accuracy and high numerical stability. So presented model could be suggested as an appropriate alternative model for common present models, at many of contaminant transport studies in natural rivers and streams.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • kinetic sorption
  • QUICK scheme
  • transient storage
  • Unsteady flow
  • water quality modeling

مراجع

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مدیریت آب و آبیاری
دوره 5، شماره 2
پاییز و زمستان
مهر 1394
صفحه 169-190

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