برآورد اثرات زیست‌محیطی مزارع قزل‌آلای ایران با ضرایب پیامدهای چرخه عمر در شرایط عدم قطعیت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه مهندسی عمران دانشگاه اصفهان، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.

10.22059/jwim.2024.375299.1157

چکیده

فعالیت آبزی‌پروری و تخلیه آلاینده‌ها در بالادست رودخانه‌ها پیامدهای زیست‌محیطی گوناگونی مانند سمیت زیست‌بوم و تغذیه‌گرایی را به‌همراه دارد که نیازمند روشی جامع برای ارزیابی پیامدهای زیست‌محیطی است. لذا پژوهش حاضر روشی توسعه‌یافته برای تحلیل پیامدهای زیست‌محیطی براساس آنالیز کیفیت آب ورودی و خروجی مزارع پرورش ماهی و مبتنی بر ضرایب مدل ReCiPe در قالب مفهوم ارزیابی اثرات چرخه عمر (LCIA) ارائه نمود. در این چهارچوب، تأثیر زیست‌محیطی پرورش ماهی در دسته‌های مصرف آب، براساس رویکرد جدید ردپای آب خاکستری، به‌همراه تغذیه‌گرایی و سمیت برای پنج مجموعه پرورش ماهی قزل‌آلا در مناطق مختلف ایران محاسبه شد. نتایج مطالعه نشان داد که کل جامدات معلق (TSS) پارامتر کیفی غالب بود. هم‌چنین مصرف آب بیش‌ترین تأثیر را بر نتایج ارزیابی اثرات زیست‌محیطی داشت. آبزی‌پروری به‌طور میانگین منجر به افزایش 95 درصد خسارت معادل زیست‌محیطی از آب ورودی تا پساب خروجی مزارع شد که تأثیر آن بر سلامت انسان بیش‌تر از زیست‌بوم بود. عواملی مانند بار آلودگی، انتخاب رویکرد مدل‌سازی در ReCiPe و وزن‌دهی مؤلفه‌ها در عدم قطعیت نتایج اثرگذار بود. نتایج تحلیل حساسیت نشان داد تغییر در انتخاب رویکرد ReCiPe از سلسله مراتبی به برابری‌طلب باعث کاهش 35 درصد مجموع خسارت‌های شده است، درحالی‌که افزایش بار آلودگی ناشی از افزایش دبی یا غلظت آلاینده غالب در ردپای آب خاکستری می‌تواند به‌صورت خطی خسارت‌های معادل را افزایش دهد. بنابراین پیشنهاد شد ضمن مدیریت و استفاده بهینه از خوراک در مزارع، از سیستم‌های پیش‌تصفیه فاضلاب برای کنترل انتشار آلودگی استفاده شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Environmental impacts assessment of Iranian trout farms using the life cycle impact coefficients under uncertainties

نویسندگان [English]

  • parham tafazzoli
  • Shervin Jamshidi
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Aquaculture activity and discharge of pollutants in the upstream of the rivers bring various environmental impacts such as ecosystem toxicity and eutrophication. Thus, it requires an integrated method for evaluating the cumulative environmental impacts. This research presented a developed method for analyzing the environmental impacts based on the analysis of the inlet and outlet water quality of fish farms and used the coefficients of the ReCiPe as a life cycle impact assessment (LCIA). In this framework, water consumption was also included based on grey water footprint, along with eutrophication and toxicity for 5 trout farming in various regions of Iran. The results showed that total suspended solids was the leading water quality parameter, water consumption had the highest impact in LCIA, human health was relatively more vulnerable than the ecosystem, and total damages increased 95 percent on average from inlet to outlet. Nevertheless, factors like the inflow, ReCiPe background, and the weighting coefficients were effective on results uncertainties. The sensitivity analysis showed that changing ReCiPe background from hierarchic to egalitarian had the greatest impact on the results of LCIA with 35 percent damage reduction, while the increase in the pollution load caused by the increase in flow or concentration of the dominant pollutant in the grey water footprint can linearly increase the equivalent damages. Therefore, it was suggested to use wastewater pretreatment systems to control the spread of pollution beside managing and optimally using feed in farms.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Aquaculture
  • Eutrophication
  • Life Cycle Assessment
  • Trout
  • Water Quality Management

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مدیریت آب و آبیاری
دوره 14، شماره 3
آذر 1403
صفحه 709-725

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