بررسی ویژگی‌های خشک‌سالی هواشناسی و هیدرولوژیکی و رابطه انتشار آن‌ها تحت تأثیر فعالیت‌های انسانی در دشت اردبیل

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه مهندسی آب، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.

10.22059/jwim.2024.371936.1141

چکیده

وقوع انواع خشک‌سالی که متأثر از تغییر عوامل اقلیمی و گسترش فعالیت‌های انسانی می‌باشد مدیریت منابع محدود آب را با مشکلات جدی‌تری روبه‌رو کرده است. در این پژوهش به‌منظور بررسی ویژگی‌های خشک‌سالی هواشناسی و هیدرولوژیکی و استخراج رابطه انتشار بین آن دو در حوضه مشرف به ایستگاه سامیان در دشت اردبیل از شاخص‌های SPI و SSI در مقیاس‌های مختلف زمانی استفاده شد. برای انجام این پژوهش، ابتدا میانگین بارش ماهانه منطقه موردمطالعه به‌کمک روش IDW استخراج شد. سپس با تشخیص نقطه تغییر، سری زمانی جریان به دو دوره قبل (طبیعی) و بعد (آشفته) از احداث سد مخزنی یامچی تقسیم و شاخص‌های SPI و SSI برای هر دوره محاسبه شدند. در دوره طبیعی، حدود 30 درصد مواقع خشک‌سالی هیدرولوژیکی حاکم بود ولی سهم خشک‌سالی و ترسالی هواشناسی در این دوره یکسان بوده است. با این‌حال در دوره آشفته، فراوانی وقوع خشک‌سالی هواشناسی کم‌تر از 30 درصد ولی فراوانی وقوع خشک‌سالی هیدرولوژیکی حدود 80 درصد بوده است. این موضوع تأثیر احداث و بهره‌برداری از سد یامچی را به‌خوبی نشان می‌دهد، چرا که در سال­های بعد از احداث سد رژیم هیدرولوژیکی رودخانه تحت تأثیر قرار گرفته و خشک‌سالی بیش‌تری را تجربه کرده است. با توجه به همبستگی بین شاخص‌های SPI و SSI در دو دوره طبیعی و آشفته، رابطه انتشار خشک‌سالی هواشناسی به هیدرولوژیکی از درجه سوم بوده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating meteorological and hydrological drought characteristics and their propagation relationship under the influence of human activities in Ardabil plain

نویسندگان [English]

  • Erfan Faraji Amogein
  • Amin Kanooni
  • Mahsa Hasanpour Kashani
Department of Water Engineering, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The occurrence of droughts that are affected by the change of climatic factors and the development of human activities have faced more serious problems in the management of limited water resources. In this research, SPI and SSI indices were used in different time scales in order to investigate meteorological and hydrological drought characteristics and extract the propagation relationship between them in the basin overlooking Samian station in Ardabil plain. To conduct the research, first, the average monthly rainfall of the study area was extracted using the IDW method. Then, by identifying the change point, the flow time series was divided into two periods before (natural) and after (disturbed) construction of Yamchi reservoir dam, and SPI and SSI indices were calculated for each period. In the natural period, hydrological drought prevailed about 30% of the time, but the share of hydrological and meteorological droughts was the same in this period. However, in the distributed period, the frequency of meteorological drought was less than 30%, but the frequency of hydrological drought was about 80%. This issue shows the effect of the construction and operation of Yamchi Dam so that in the years after the construction of the dam, the hydrological regime of the river was affected and experienced more drought. According to the correlation between SPI and SSI indices in two natural and disturbed periods, the propagation of meteorological drought to hydrological has been a third-order relationship.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Drought propagation
  • Hydrological drought
  • Human activities
  • Meteorological drought

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مدیریت آب و آبیاری
دوره 14، شماره 3
آذر 1403
صفحه 649-664

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