توسعه استفاده از بیلان انرژی در مدلسازی توزیعی ذوب برف به منظور ارتقاء مدل بیلان آبی ماهانه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشکدگان فنی دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

10.22059/jwim.2023.362214.1089

چکیده

در این پژوهش با استفاده از یک مدل هیدرولوژی ماهانه، به مقایسه سه سناریوی ذوب برف مختلف شامل یک سناریوی دما- مبنا، یک سناریوی مبتنی بر تشعشع­ خالص و سناریویی مبتنی بر بیلان انرژی در حوضه آبریز طالقان-الموت پرداخته­ شده و سعی شده با استفاده از داده­های دورسنجی بخشی از چالش­های مدل‌سازی ذوب برف در حوضه­ای با داده­های زمینی کم کاهش داده شود. فرایندهای واسنجی و اعتبارسنجی مدل به‌روشروش دو مرحله­ای انجام گرفته است. در یک مرحله به مدل‌سازی برف به‌صورت سلولی در سراسر حوضه پرداخته شده و پارامترهای مدل برف مورد واسنجی قرار گرفته­اند. در این مرحله با مقایسه درصد پوشش برف مشاهده‌شده توسط سنجنده MODIS و مقدار ذخیره برف محاسبه‌شده در هر سلول توسط مدل، مقدار خطای مدل در شبیه­سازی تجمع برف محاسبه شده­است. در مرحله بعد با شبیه­سازی فرایند هیدرولوژی به‌صورت یکپارچه در کل حوضه، بخش دیگری از متغیرهای تصمیم مورد واسنجی قرار گرفته و با استفاده از شاخص­های خطای مختلف، مورد ارزیابی و اعتبارسنجی واقع شده­اند. نتایج نشان­دهنده عملکرد بهتر مدل تشعشع ­خالص و بیلان انرژی نسبت به مدل دما-مبنا است، به­طوری‌که شاخص KGE در دوره اعتبارسنجی، برای مدل با ذوب برف دما-مبنا، 0/72 و برای مدل‌های تشعشع­ خالص و بیلان انرژی به‌ترتیب 0/78 و 0/86 بوده است. هم‌چنین مربع ضریب همبستگی بین داده­های پوشش برف سنجنده MODIS و داده­های ذخیره برف محاسبه‌شده در سه مدل، بین 0/62 برای مدل بیلان انرژی تا 0/72 برای مدل دما-مبنا بوده است. با توجه به نتایج، روش مدل تشعشع ­خالص و بیلان انرژی امکان برآورد و ارائه مناسبی از ذخیره برفی و هیدرلوژی وابسته به آن در مناطق کوهستانی با اطلاعات کم محیطی را فراهم می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Development of Energy Balance Utilization in Distributed Snowmelt Modeling for Improving Monthly Water Balance Model

نویسندگان [English]

  • َAli Shakeri
  • Banafsheh Zahraie
  • Mohsen Nasseri
School of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.‎
چکیده [English]

This study compared three different snowmelt scenarios using a monthly water balance model in the Taleghan-Alamut Basin in north of Iran. Three scenarios were tested in this study: a temperature-based, a net radiation-based, and an energy balance-based. Remote sensing data were utilized to mitigate the challenges of modeling snowmelt in a basin with limited ground information. The calibration and validation processes were carried out in a two-stage method. First, snow modeling was conducted grid-based throughout the basin, and the model parameters were validated. Using snow cover observed by the MODIS sensor, the model dispcipancy between computed and observed snow accumulation was calculated by comparing the percentage of to the calculated snow storage in each cell of the basin. In the second stage, the other model parameters were calibrated as a lumpt hydrologic model across the basin. Ultimately, the net radiation-based and energy balance-based models showed superior performance compared to the temperature-based model. During the validation period, the Kling-Gupta efficiency metric for the temperature-based snowmelt model was 0.72, while for the net radiation-based and energy balance-based models were 0.78 and 0.86, respectively. Additionally, the correlation coefficient between MODIS snow cover data and snow storage calculated in the three models ranged from 0.62 for the energy balance-based model to 0.72 for the temperature-based model. According to the results, the proposed methodology is suitable for assessing snow budget and the snow hydrology in mountainous areas with limited data availability.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Distributed Snow Model
  • Energy Balance
  • Monthly Water Balance
  • Remote Sensing
  • Snow Melt

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مدیریت آب و آبیاری
دوره 13، شماره 3
مهر 1402
صفحه 837-854

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