ارزیابی نحوه پخش نیترات در منابع آب زیرزمینی مجاور محدوده دفن زباله شهر لاهیجان: چالش‌ها و راهکارها

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده عمران هنر و معماری، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

2 گروه مهندسی عمران هنر و معماری، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

3 گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکدگان ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

4 گروه زمین‌شناسی، دانشکده زمین‌شناسی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران.

10.22059/jwim.2022.347460.1013

چکیده

هدف اصلی این مطالعه، بررسی موضوع سلامت انسان به‌دلیل مصرف مداوم آب‌های زیرزمینی آلوده به نیترات در بین گروه‌های سنی مختلف مردم در مجاورت محل دفن زباله شهر لاهیجان است. از اینرو در این مطالعه، 34 نمونه آب زیرزمینی در طول فصل تر (آبان‌ماه) و خشک (شهریورماه) جمع‌آوری شد و در آزمایشگاه آنالیز شدند. غلظت نیترات در فصل تر 18 تا 30 میلی­‌گرم در لیتر با میانگین 24/2 میلی‌­گرم در لیتر و در فصل خشک هشت تا 24 میلی‌­گرم در لیتر با میانگین 14/5 میلی‌گرم در لیتر متغیر بود. مقدار شاخص آلودگی نیتروژن NPI نشان داد در فصل تر 23 درصد نمونه­‌ها سالم و 77 درصد مکان نمونه، آلودگی کم و در فصل خشک 82 درصد نمونه­‌ها سالم و 18 درصد از نمونه‌­ها دارای آلودگی کم است. مدل ارزیابی ریسک غیرسرطان‌زایی نشان داد که مسائل بهداشتی در میان گروه‌های سنی مختلف از جمله نوزادان، کودکان، جوانان، بزرگسالان و سالمندان قرار دارند. نتایج ریسک سرطان­‌زایی نشان داد که در فصل تر 65 درصد نمونه­‌های آب زیرزمینی و در فصل خشک 18 درصد نمونه‌­ها برای آشامیدن گروه سنی شش تا 12 ماه نامناسب است. منابع شناسایی‌ شده نیترات عبارتند از منابع نیترات یافت‌شده در منطقه مورد مطالعه، فعالیت‌­های انسان‌­زایی مانند محل دفن زباله لاهیجان و زباله­‌های ساکنین روستا می‌­باشد. بنابراین، بازرسی دوره‌ای آب، چک‌آپ بهداشتی و تصفیه‌خانه مشترک در مناطق روستایی، اقدامات اصلاحی است که باید برای کاهش اثرات شدید آب آشامیدنی آلوده به نیترات در منطقه مورد مطالعه انجام شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Field Evaluation of Nitrate Distribution in Groundwater at Lahijan Landfill: Challenges and Solutions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Amir Hajizadeh 1
  • SEYED ABBAS Hosseini 2
  • saman Javadi 3
  • Vahab Amiri 4
1 Department of Civil Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Department of Civil Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Department of Water Engineering, Aburihan College, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
4 Department of Geology, Faculty of Geology, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The main purpose of this article is to investigate the issue of human health due to the continuous consumption of nitrate-contaminated underground water among people of different age groups in the vicinity of Lahijan depot. Therefore, in this study, 34 groundwater samples were collected during the wet (November) and dry (September) seasons, and the main ions were analyzed in the laboratory. Nitrate concentration in the wet season varied from 18 to 30 mg/L with an average of 24.2 mg/L and in the dry season from 8 to 24 mg/L with an average of 14.5 mg/L. The amount of NPI nitrogen pollution index showed that in the wet season, 23% of the samples are healthy and 77% of the sample locations have low pollution, and in the dry season, 82% of the samples are healthy and 18% of the samples have low pollution. The noncarcinogenic risk assessment model showed that health issues are among different age groups, including infants, children, youth, adults, and the elderly. The results of the carcinogenic risk showed that in the wet season, 65% of the underground water samples and in the dry season, 18% of the samples are unsuitable for drinking by the age group of 6 to 12 months. Identified sources of nitrates include nitrate sources found in the study area, anthropogenic activities such as Lahijan landfill and village residents' waste. Therefore, periodic water inspection, health check-up and common treatment plant in rural areas are corrective measures that should be taken to reduce the severe effects of nitrate-contaminated drinking water in the study area.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Lahijan aquifer
  • Groundwater
  • Pollution
  • waste disposal
  • human health risk

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مدیریت آب و آبیاری
دوره 13، شماره 3
مهر 1402
صفحه 593-609

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