بررسی اثر بخشی طرح احیا و تعادل‌بخشی منابع آب زیرزمینی براساس روش فازی- تاپسیس (مطالعه موردی: دشت ارومیه)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.

2 کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.

3 دانشیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.

4 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.

چکیده

افت تراز آب زیرزمینی دشت ارومیه آذربایجان غربی؛ سبب گردیده احیاء آبخوان و برنامه‌ریزی برای جلوگیری از افت و افزایش تراز آن از اولویت‌های برنامه‌های اجرایی وزارت نیرو در این حوزه قرار گیرد.در این پژوهش در راستای احیای آبخوان و به موازات آن، اثر پارامترهای بارندگی سالیانه و کاهش برداشت از آب زیرزمینی، بر روی تغییرات تراز آبخوان دشت ارومیه با استفاده از تکنیک تاپسیس فازی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. در این راستا میزان تأثیرگذاری اقدامات انجام شده بر اساس 4 سناریوی مدیریتی، پرسشنامه‌ای با 18 گزینه در قالب سه معیار اقدامات اجرا شده، اقدامات پیشنهادی کوتاه‌مدت و اقدامات پیشنهادی بلندمدت تهیه گردید. با توجه به گستردگی و تعامل چندگانه میان معیارها و اقدامات پیشرو، از روش فازی به منظور بیان تأثیر هر یک از گزینه‌ها به صورت کمی و از روش آنالیز فازی تاپسیس جهت تحلیل نظرات خبرگان با هدف رتبه‌بندی گزینه‌های هر سناریو در حل مسئله استفاده شد. نتایج حاکی از آن است که افزایش بارندگی و متعاقباً کاهش برداشت از منابع آب زیرزمینی همچنان مؤثرترین عامل در بهبود نسبی وضعیت کمی آبخوان می‌باشد. ضمناً با بررسی میزان بارش در چند سال اخیر در دشت ارومیه می‏توان اظهار داشت که علاوه بر تغییر میزان بارندگی به عنوان اصلی‏ترین عامل، گزینه‏های اثربخشی گروه‌های گشت و بازرسی (Ch6)، تغذیه آبخوان از طریق رهاسازی آب از سد شهرچای (Ch7) و انسداد انهار در فصول غیر زراعی و تغذیه آبخوان از طریق رودخانه اصلی (Ch4) از دسته اقدامات طرح احیا و تعادل بخشی (اجراشده) در بهبود تراز آب زیرزمینی مؤثر می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of the effectiveness of groundwater reclamation and balancing plan based on fuzzy-TOPSIS method (Case study: Urmia plain)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Esmaeil Asadi 1
  • Parisa Sadeghzade 2
  • Abolfazl Majnouni Heris 3
  • Morteza Samadian 4
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Water Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
2 M. Sc., Department of Water Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Department of Water Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
4 Ph. D. Student, Department of Water Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Put critical situations. Decline of groundwater level in Urmia plain and declaration of this plain as one of the forbidden plains of West Azerbaijan province; It has caused the rehabilitation of the aquifer and planning to prevent its decline and increase its level to be among the priorities of the executive plans of the Ministry of Energy in this area.In this study, in order to rehabilitate the aquifer and in parallel, the effect of annual rainfall parameters and reduction of groundwater abstraction on changes in the aquifer level of the Urmia plain was investigated using the fuzzy TOPSIS technique. In this regard, the effectiveness of the measures taken based on 4 management scenarios, a questionnaire with 18 options in the form of three criteria of implemented measures, short-term proposed measures and long-term proposed measures were prepared. Given the breadth and multiple interactions between the criteria and the leading measures, the fuzzy method to express the effect of each option quantitatively and the TOPSIS fuzzy analysis method to analyze the opinions of experts with the aim of ranking the options of each scenario in Problem solving was used. The results indicate that increasing rainfall and consequently decreasing groundwater abstraction is still the most effective factor in the relative improvement of the quantitative status of the aquifer. Meanwhile, by examining the amount of rainfall in the last few years in the Urmia plain, it can be stated that in addition to changing the amount of rainfall as the main factor, the effectiveness options of patrol and inspection groups (Ch6), feeding the aquifer by releasing water from the dam Tea city (Ch7) and river blockage in non-crop seasons and feeding the aquifer through the main river (Ch4) are among the measures of the rehabilitation and balancing plan (implemented) in improving the groundwater level.

Given the breadth and multiple interactions between the criteria and the leading measures, the fuzzy method to express the effect of each option quantitatively and the TOPSIS fuzzy analysis method to analyze the opinions of experts with the aim of ranking the options of each scenario in Problem solving was used.

The results indicate that increasing rainfall and consequently decreasing groundwater abstraction is still the most effective factor in the relative improvement of the quantitative status of the aquifer. Meanwhile, by examining the amount of rainfall in the last few years in the Urmia plain, it can be stated that in addition to changing the amount of rainfall as the main factor, the effectiveness options of patrol and inspection groups (Ch6), feeding the aquifer by releasing water from the dam Tea city (Ch7) and river blockage in non-crop seasons and feeding the aquifer through the main river (Ch4) are among the measures of the rehabilitation and balancing plan (implemented) in improving the groundwater level.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fuzzy-TOPSIS Method
  • Management Scenarios
  • Rehabilitation and Balancing
  • Urmia Plain Aquifer

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مدیریت آب و آبیاری
دوره 12، شماره 3
شهریور 1401
صفحه 483-496

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