ارزیابی روش‌های مختلف آبیاری با استفاده از رویکرد همبست آب، انرژی، غذا و کربن

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد، گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.

3 دانشیار،گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.

چکیده

هدف از مطالعه حاضر بررسی تاثیر استفاده هر یک از روش‌های آبیاری سطحی، بارانی و قطره‌ای بر وضعیت حوضه زاینده رود است. به این منظور از رویکرد همبست آب، انرژی، غذا و کربن برای بررسی جامع استفاده شد. در رویکرد همبست با توجه به آثار متقابل آن‌ها، در جهت افزایش بهره‌وری و تامین امنیت منطقه تلاش می‌گردد. در این مطالعه این رویکرد در قالب یک شاخص توسعه داده شده جدید با عنوان شاخص همبست آب، انرژی، غذا و گازهای گلخانه‌ای (WEFGN) ظاهر شده است و با در نظر گرفتن ده شاخص شامل نهاده‌های مصرف تولید محصول، انرژی مصرفی برای آبیاری، خودکفایی غذایی، بهره‌وری اقتصادی و انتشار کربن به بررسی روش‌های آبیاری پرداخته شد که می‌تواند دیدگاهی جامع به مدیران و تصمیم گیران ارائه ‌دهد. نتایج بررسی روش‌های آبیاری در سال 1399 نشان داد که با تغییر روش آبیاری کنونی به آبیاری قطره‌ای و بارانی در اثر کاهش آب مصرفی (به ترتیب 17 و 4.84 درصد (483.7 و 138.5 میلیون مترمکعب در سال)) وضعیت حوضه بهبود می‌یابد اما در روش بارانی انرژی بیشتری جهت آبیاری نیاز است (280.5 درصد (112415.8 هزار کیلو کالری در سال)) و کربن منتشر شده در اثر افزایش انرژی آبیاری نیز 87432.5 تن در سال (73.7 درصد) افزایش می‌یابد. بنابراین امتیاز شاخص WEFGN به ترتیب برای هریک از روش‌‌های آبیاری قطره‌‌ای، بارانی و وضعیت کنونی برابر 0.86، 0.31 و 0.47 محاسبه گردید و بهترین روش آبیاری در حوضه زاینده رود از منظر رویکرد همبست، آبیاری قطره‌ای شناخته شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of different irrigation methods using water, energy, food and carbon nexus approach

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hourieh Masaeli 1
  • Alireza Gohari 2
  • Mohammad Shayannejad 3
1 M. Sc, Department of Water Engineering, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 8415683111, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Water Engineering, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 8415683111, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Department of Water Engineering, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 8415683111, Iran..
چکیده [English]

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of using each of the surface, sprinkler and drip irrigation methods on the condition of Zayandehrud basin. For this purpose, water, energy, food and carbon nexus approach was used for a comprehensive study. In the nexus approach, considering their interactions, efforts are made to increase productivity and ensure the security of the region. In this study, this approach has appeared in the form of a newly developed index called water, energy, food and greenhouse gases nexus (WEFGN) and considering ten indicators including inputs of crop production, energy consumption for irrigation, food self-sufficiency, economic efficiency and carbon emissions were studied for irrigation methods that could provide a comprehensive view of managers and decision makers. The results of the study of irrigation methods in 2020 showed that by changing the current irrigation method to drip and sprinkler irrigation due to reduced water consumption (17 and 4.84 percent (483.7 and 138.5 million cubic meters per year, respectively)) the condition of the basin improves, but in the sprinkler method more energy is needed for irrigation (280.5 percent (112415.8 thousand kcal per year)) and the carbon released due to the increase in irrigation energy also increases to 87432.5 tons per year (73.7 percent). Therefore, the WEFGN index score for each of the drip irrigation, sprinkler and current status methods was 0.86, 0.31 and 0.47, respectively, and the best irrigation method in Zayandehrud basin in terms of nexus approach was drip irrigation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Drip irrigation
  • Sprinkler irrigation
  • Surface irrigation
  • Water Energy Food Nexus

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مدیریت آب و آبیاری
دوره 12، شماره 3
شهریور 1401
صفحه 511-525

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