رویکرد «صلح آبی»، از ایده تا واقعیت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی مقطع دکتری، گروه مهندسی و مدیریت آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه مهندسی و مدیریت آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.

3 دانشیار جامعه‌شناسی، عضو هیأت علمی وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری، تهران، ایران.

4 استاد، گروه روابط بین الملل، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

مدیریت ناکارآمد منابع آبی مشترک می‌تواند منجر به بی‌ثباتی سیاسی، افزایش آسیب‌پذیری بخش‌های اجتماعی، زیست‌‌محیطی و اقتصادی، وقوع درگیری‌های خشونت‌آمیز و درنهایت تضعیف امنیت انسانی شود. به علت اهمیت قابل‌توجه این مسأله، تاکنون تلاش‌ها و مطالعات متعددی در راستای مواجهه با مناقشات آبی صورت گرفته است. «صلح آبی» یکی از رویکردهای نوینی است که برای تسکین مناقشات آبی ارائه شده است. هدف اصلی در «صلح آبی» آن است که از پتانسیل سرمایه‌گذاری در منابع آبی مشترک به‌عنوان راهکاری برای ترویج صلح استفاده شود. رویکرد مذکور در سال‌های اخیر برای تسکین مناقشات آبی در کشورهای غرب آسیا از جمله ایران نیز موردتوجه قرار گرفته است. بر این اساس، شناخت جامع از طرح صلح آبی و بررسی مبانی نظری آن و حصول اطمینان از تناسب مبانی مذکور با شرایط حاکم بر زیرسیستم‌های آبی و مسائل هیدروپلیتیکی در منطقه ضروری است. شکاف پژوهشی موجود در این زمینه و ضرورت پرداختن به آن منجر به شکل‌گیری پژوهش حاضر شده است. ازاین‌رو در پژوهش حاضر، ضمن به‌کارگیری رویکرد توصیفی- تحلیلی و منابع کتابخانه‌ای به معرفی و بررسی کاربرد رویکرد صلح آبی در مناسبات آبی بین‌المللی و بررسی جایگاه آن در تعاملات آبی و هیدروپلتیکی در منطقه غرب آسیا پرداخته شده است. نتایج پژوهش حاکی از آن است که رویکرد صلح آبی، رویکردی بخشی‌نگر است که به دلیل عدم توجه به عوامل نهانِ اثرگذار بر شکل‌گیری مناقشات آبی، منجر به مواجهه کارآمد با این قبیل از مناقشات (به‌طور عام) و مناقشات آبی در منطقه غرب آسیا (به‌طور خاص) نخواهد شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Blue Peace: from idea to reality

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyede Simin Mirhashemi Dehkordi 1
  • Hojjat Mianabadi 2
  • Ebrahim Hajiani 3
  • Seyed Jalal Dehghani Firouzabadi 4
1 Ph.D. Candidate, Water Engineering and Management Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Water Engineering and Management Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Ministry of Science, Research and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
4 Professor, International Relations Department, Faculty of Law and Political Science, Allameh Tabatabaei University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Mismanagement of shared water resources may lead to political instability, increasing the vulnerability of the social, environmental, and economic sectors, developing violent conflicts, and ultimately undermining human security. Due to its significance, various efforts and studies have been conducted to address water conflicts. “Blue peace" is one of the novel approaches that has been proposed to manage water conflicts. The main goal of "blue peace" is to apply the potential of investing in shared water resources as a way to peacebuilding. The "blue peace" approach has recently been welcomed in West Asian countries for water conflicts management. Accordingly, a comprehensive understanding of the blue peace approach and its theoretical foundations is necessary to ensure the compatibility of these foundations with the conditions governing water subsystems and hydropolitical issues in the region. It has led to the formation of the present study. Accordingly, in this study, the application of this approach in international water relations and its place in water interactions in the Middle East has been investigated by using library resources and applying an analytical approach. The results reveal that the blue peace is a reductionist approach that does not pay attention to the hidden factors affecting the water conflicts and will not lead to effective dealing with these conflicts in general as well as water conflicts in the Middle East in particular.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Blue peace
  • Conflict
  • Cooperation
  • Shared water resources

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مدیریت آب و آبیاری
دوره 11، شماره 4
بهمن 1400
صفحه 967-986

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