ارزیابی امنیت آبی ایران در سطح استانی با استفاده از شاخص ترکیبی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشکدگان فنی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشیار، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشکدگان فنی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

امنیت آبی رویکردی فراگیر در مدیریت منابع آب است که ارزیابی آن می‌تواند تصویر جامعی از وضعیت منابع آب و مشکلات ناشی از مدیریت این منابع ارائه کند. این رویکرد برای کشور ایران که درگیر مشکلات درهم تنیده در زمینه مدیریت منابع آب و محیط‌زیست است، می‌تواند راه‌گشا باشد. در این پژوهش ابتدا شاخص امنیت آبی استانی با استفاده از روش نیمه‌جبرانی تجمیع هندسی توسعه داده شد. برای این شاخص سه بعد کلیدی منابع، دسترسی و اقتصاد در نظر گرفته شده است. در نهایت استان‌های ایران با استفاده از این شاخص ارزیابی و رتبه‌بندی شدند که در این ارزیابی برای هر استان عددی بین صفر (برای بدترین وضعیت) و یک (برای بهترین وضعیت) به‌عنوان شاخص امنیت آبی محاسبه شد. نتایج این پژوهش مشخص کرد که مقدار شاخص امنیت آبی برای هیچ‌کدام از استان‌های ایران، بیش‌تر از 43/0 نمی‌شود که نشان‌دهنده وضعیت نامطلوب همه استان‌های ایران از منظر شاخص امنیت آبی است. استان‌های مرز شرقی و قسمت شرقی فلات مرکزی بدترین وضعیت‌ها را از منظر شاخص امنیت آبی دارند؛ استان‌های سیستان و بلوچستان، خراسان رضوی، خراسان جنوبی، یزد و کرمان استان‌هایی هستند که کم‌ترین مقادیر شاخص امنیت آبی برای آنها ثبت شده است (همگی کم‌تر از 22/0). استان مازندران با مقدار 432/0 در شاخص امنیت آبی، در رتبه اول قرار گرفته است، که دلیل اصلی آن وضعیت مطلوب این استان از منظر بعد منابع است. آذربایجان‌شرقی با کسب مقدار 416/0، به‌دلیل وضعیت متعادل و بالاتر از میانگین در همه ابعاد کلیدی امنیت آبی، در رتبه دوم قرار گرفته است. استان هرمزگان نیز با کسب مقدار 386/0، به‌دلیل ثبت بهترین وضعیت در بعد اقتصاد در جایگاه سوم قرار گرفته است. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessment of Water Security in Iran at Provincial Level Using a Hybrid Index

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sina Salemi Sarmast 1
  • Banafsheh Zahraie 2
1 Graduate Student, School of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, School of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Assessment of water security can be considered as a comprehensive approach towards analysis of status of water resources and water resource management practices. This approach can be especially helpful for Iran, which faces complex problems in the management of water and natural resources. In this paper, an index is developed for assessing the state of water security in Iranian provinces using the geometric mean as the aggregation method. Finally, the Iran provinces were ranked by this index and a number between 0 (for the worst condition) and 1 (for the best condition) is estimated as water surety index for each of them. The results indicated that the security index value can not be more than 0.43 for none of the provinces, which shows weak water security for all of the provinces. The provinces located on the eastern border and the eastern part of the central Iranian plateau, Sistan and Baluchestan, Khurasan Razavi, Yazd, and Kerman are provinces that face the worst conditions and had the least values for water security index (all below 0.22). Mazandaran province with water security index of 0.416 was ranked first mostly due to good condition in resource dimension. East Azerbaijan province due to balance and relatively good status in all dimensions was ranked second. Hormozgan province with water security index of 0.386, because of the best condition in economic dimension was ranked 3rd.  

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Composite Indicators
  • Geometric Aggregation
  • Indicator Normalization
  • Security of Access to Water
  • Water Security

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مدیریت آب و آبیاری
دوره 11، شماره 3
آبان 1400
صفحه 617-632

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