ارزیابی مدل SWAP در برآورد رطوبت، شوری خاک و عملکرد سه رقم ذرت علوفه‌ای در شرایط استفاده از آب شور

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترا آبیاری و زهکشی، گروه آبیاری و آبادانی، دانشکده مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی آبیاری و آبادانی، دانشکده مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.

3 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مهندسی آبیاری و آبادانی، دانشکده مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج،

چکیده

به منظور ارزیابی مدل SWAP پژوهشی در سال 1396 در مزرعه گروه مهندسی آبیاری و آبادانی دانشگاه تهران، واقع در کرج به صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل و در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی انجام گرفت. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل سه هیبرید ذرت، سینگل-کراس‌های 704، 400 و 260 (به ترتیب V1، V2 و V3) و سه سطح شوری آب آبیاری 7/0، 3 و 5 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر (به ترتیب S1، S2 و S3) بودند. در هر رقم ذرت برای واسنجی مدل از داده‌های عملکرد محصول اندازه‌گیری شده در مزرعه در سطح شوری آب آبیاری 3 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر (S2) و برای صحت‌سنجی آن از سطوح شوری آب آبیاری 7/0 و 5 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر (S2 و S3) استفاده شد. همچنین برای ارزیابی مدل در برآورد رطوبت و شوری خاک، از داده‌های مزرعه‌ای تیمارهای V1S2 (واسنجی) و V1S3 (صحت‌سنجی) استفاده شد. بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده، مدل SWAP عملکرد خوبی در برآورد رطوبت خاک داشته به طوری که در مرحله صحت‌سنجی در سه لایه خاک (20-0، 40-20 و 60-40 سانتی‌متری) به ترتیب دارای RMSE (ریشه میانگین مربعات خطا) 03/0، 03/0 و 04/0 cm cm-3 است و در پیش‌بینی شوری خاک لایه سطحی 20-0 سانتی‌متری دقت خوبی (RMSE برابر 67/0 mg cm-3) دارد اما با افزایش عمق خاک دقت مدل کاهش پیدا می‌کند به طوری که RMSE به ترتیب در دو لایه 40-20 و 60-40 سانتی-متری 16/1 و 19/1 mg cm-3 به دست آمد. مدل اختلاف ذاتی بین ارقام مختلف گیاه ذرت را به خوبی تشخیص داده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of SWAP model in estimating soil water content, salinity and yield of three forage maize cultivars under saline water use conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Morteza Khoshsimaie chenar 1
  • Hamideh Noory 2
  • Zhila Mahmoudi molamahmoud 3
1 PhD student in Irrigation and Drainage, Department of Irrigation and Reclamation Engineering, faculty of Agricultural Engineering & Technology, university of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Irrigation and Reclamation Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Collage of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
3 M.Sc. Graduated, Department of Irrigation and Reclamation Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Collage of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
چکیده [English]

In order to evaluate the SWAP model a study was conducted in 2017 in the farm of the Department of Irrigation and Reclamation Engineering, University of Tehran, located in Karaj as a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design. The treatments consisted of three maize hybrids SC-704, SC-400 and SC-260 (V1, V2 and V3, respectively) and three levels of irrigation water salinity 0.7, 3 and 5 dS m-1 (S1, S2 and S3, respectively). In each maize cultivar, for the model calibration, the crop yield data measured in the field from the salinity level of irrigation water 3 dS m-1 and for its validation, the salinity levels of 0.7 and 5 dS m-1 were used. Also, to evaluate the model in estimating soil moisture and salinity, field data of V1S2 (calibration) and V1S3 (validation) were used. Based on the obtained results, SWAP model has a good performance in estimating soil moisture so that in the validation stage in three soil layers (0-20, 20-40 and 40-60 cm) with RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) of 0.03, 0.03 and 0.04 cm cm-3 respectively and has a good accuracy in predicting soil salinity of 0-20 cm surface layer (RMSE = 0.67 mg cm-3) but with increasing soil depth, the accuracy of the model decreases so that RMSE of 1.16 and 1.19 mg cm-3 were obtained in two layers of 20-40 and 40-60 cm, respectively. The SWAP model detected the inherent differences between different cultivars of maize and the best simulation results were obtained for SC 704.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Crop growth modeling
  • Drip irrigation
  • Maize cultivars
  • SWAP model

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مدیریت آب و آبیاری
دوره 11، شماره 3
آبان 1400
صفحه 495-512

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