تعیین کارایی مصرف آب و تابع تولید آب-نیتروژن برای گیاه تربچه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مهندسی آب، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران،تهران، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی آب، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

بحران آب یکی از مهم‌ترین مشکلات در مناطق خشک و نیمه‌خشک مانند ایران می‌باشد. همچنین در این مناطق مصرف بی‌رویه کود عواقب زیست‌محیطی شدیدی را ایجاد نموده است. در چنین شرایطی ارزیابی واکنش گیاهان به تنش آبی و مقدار کود و تخمین تابع تولید جهت مصرف بهینه آب و کود اجتناب‌ناپذیر است. هدف از تحقیق حاضر تعیین ارتباط عملکرد، عمق آب آبیاری و کود نیتروژنه گیاه تربچه می‌باشد. بدین منظور یک پژوهش در سال 98 در یکی از گلخانه‌های تحقیقاتی پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، به اجرا در آمد. آزمایش در قالب طرح آماری کاملا تصادفی با دو تیمار عمق آب آبیاری و کود نیتروژن در سه تکرار انجام گرفت. در این تحقیق، چهار سطح آب آبیاری شامل 120(I1)، 100 (I2)، 80 (I3) و 60 (I4) درصد آب مورد نیاز گیاه تربچه استفاده شد. سطوح کود نیتروژن شامل 120 (N1)، 100 (N2)، 80 (N3) و 60 (N4) درصد نیاز کودی گیاه تربچه بود. در این تحقیق از چهار تابع خطی ساده، کاب داگلاس، درجه دوم و متعالی برای تعیین تابع تولید آب – نیتروژن گیاه تربچه استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که تابع تولید درجه دوم عملکرد خشک تربچه را با دقت بالاتری برآورد می‌نماید. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که با کاربرد تیمارهای آبیاری I3 (142 میلی‌متر) و کود نیتروژنی N2 (150 کیلوگرم در هکتار) بیشترین عملکرد و کارایی مصرف آب به دست آمد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Determination of water use efficiency and water-nitrogen production function for Radish crop

نویسندگان [English]

  • Soleiman Khayyam 1
  • Mahmoud Mashal 2
  • Sasan Aliniaeifard 3
  • Maryam Varavipour 2
1 M.Sc. Student, Department of Water Engineering, Aburaihan Campus, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Water Engineering, Aburaihan Campus, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural, Aburaihan Campus, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Water crisis is one of the most important problems in arid and semi-arid areas such as Iran. Also, in these areas indiscriminate use of nitrogen fertilizer have had severe environmental consequences. Thus, assessment of plant responses to water stress, the amount of nitrogen and, estimation of production function for determining optimal use of water and fertilizer is inevitable. The objective of this study was to investigate the interrelations of yield, irrigation depth and, applied nitrogen fertilizer of Radish (Raphanus sativus L.). For this purpose, the study was conducted in the College of Aburaihan (Southeast Tehran, Pakdasht, Iran) in 2020. Experiment was arranged based on randomized complete block design with two treatments of nitrogen fertilizer and irrigation water depths with three replications. In this study the Levels of irrigation depth were 120% (I1), 100%(I2), 80%(I3) and 60%(I4) of irrigation requirement the levels of applied nitrogen fertilizer were 120%(N1), 100%(N2), 80%(N3) and, 60%(N4) of nitrogen use requirement. In this study four equations of of linear, Cobb-Douglas, quadratic and transcendental were used to determine the water-nitrogen production function production. The results showed that the quadratic equation simulates the dry yield of radish with a higher accuracy. The results showed also, the I3 (142 mm) and N2 nitrogen (150 Kg per hectare) treatments, were yielded the highest yield and irrigation water use efficiency.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Production function
  • Water stress
  • Water use efficiency
  • Yield components

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مدیریت آب و آبیاری
دوره 11، شماره 2
شهریور 1400
صفحه 315-324

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