ارزیابی روش‌های تخمین پارامترهای نفوذ در آبیاری جویچه‌ای با حضور سوپرجاذب‌ها

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مهندسی آبیاری و زهکشی، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه مهندسی آبیاری و زهکشی، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران

3 دانشیار گروه مهندسی آبیاری و آبادانی، دانشکده مهندسی آب و خاک پردیس کشاورزی، منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

4 دانشیار گروه مهندسی آبیاری و زهکشی، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

اضافه کردن سوپرجاذب به خاک می‌تواند نقش مؤثری در کاهش تلفات آب داشته باشد. با توجه به اهمیت تخمین نفوذ در طراحی و ارزیابی آبیاری سطحی، در این مطالعه چهار روش بهینه‌سازی چندسطحی، دونقطه‌ای الیوت واکر، IPARM و SIPAR-ID در شرایط حضور سوپرجاذب مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. آزمایش‌ها در بهار و تابستان 1397 طی پنج نوبت آبیاری بصورت جویچه‌ای در مزرعه تحقیقاتی پردیس ابوریحان در شرایط بدون کشت، جمعاً برروی 10 جویچه اصلی با دو نوع سوپر جاذب (A200 و استاکوزورب)، دو مقدار (16 و 30 گرم در مترمربع) و دو شدت جریان (3/0 و 6/0 لیتر بر ثانیه) انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که اضافه کردن سوپرجاذب باعث افزایش حجم آب نفوذ یافته (در دبی کم از 9/5 تا 9/18 درصد و در دبی بالا از 5/5 تا 1/18 درصد) شد و هر چه مقدارسوپر جاذب بیشتر شد مقدار اثرگزاری افزایش داشت و در شدت جریان ورودی بالاتر این تأثیر کمتر بود. در مقایسه دو پلیمر، سوپرجاذب استاکوزورب بر افزایش مقدار نفوذ آب تأثیر بیشتری نسبت به A200 داشت (4/3 و 3/3 درصد در دبی کم و 5/0 و 7/1 درصد در دبی بالا). روش بهینه‌سازی چندسطحی با کمترین خطای نسبی، حدود 1% در برآورد پارامترهای معادله نفوذ بهترین عملکرد را ارائه داد. مدل IPARM و روش دونقطه‌ای الیوت واکر نیز عمکرد قابل قبولی داشتند. مدل SIPAR-ID با خطای نسبی بالا و نوسان زیاد عملکرد مناسبی در این مطالعه نداشت. همچنین با افزایش شدت جریان ورودی به جویچه‌ها، دقت مدل IPARM و روش دو نقطه‌ای کم شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of infiltration parameters estimation methods in furrow irrigation with the presence of superabsorbents

نویسندگان [English]

  • Azam Ahmadi Saraeilani 1
  • Behzad Azadegan 2
  • Hamed Ebrahimian 3
  • Mahmoud Mashal 4
1 Ph.D Student, Department of irrigation and drainage engineering, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
2
3 Associate professor, Department of Irrigation &amp, Reclamation Eng. College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
4 Associate Professor, Department of irrigation and drainage engineering, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

A solution for optimal management of water resources is to add superabsorbents to the soil to increase water consumption efficiency. Due to the importance of soil infiltration in the design and evaluation of surface irrigation methods, several methods including multi-level optimization, Elliott and Walker two-point method, IPARM and SIPAR-ID were used in this study to estimate the volume of infiltrated water in soil with the presence of superabsorbents. This study was carried out during spring and summer of 2019, in experimental filed of Aboureyhan College of Tehran University. With 5 times irrigation in 10 furrows, two dosages of A200 and Stockosorb superabsorbents (16 and 32 g/m2) and two flow rates (0.3 and 0.6 Ls-1). According to the results, adding superabsorbent to the soil increased soil infiltration. The effect of superabsorbent was reduced with the increase of the flow rate to the furrows (In low flow rate from 5.9% to 18.9% and 5.5% to 18.1% in high flow rate). Stockosorb superabsorbent had a greater effect on increase of water infiltration in the soil compared to A200 (3.4% and 3.3% for low and high dosages of superabsorbent and low flow rate and respectively 0.5% and 1.7% in high flow rate). Multi-level optimization method estimated soil infiltration parameters with the lowest relative error (1%). Having high relative error, the SIPAR-ID model did not perform properly during the evaluation. Results also showed that with increasing the flow rate to the furrows, the performance of the IPARM model and two-point method decreased.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • A200
  • infiltration model
  • Stockosorb
  • surface irrigation
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