ارزیابی پایداری مکانی آبخوان ورامین در سه بعد کمی، کیفی و محیط زیستی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

استادیار پژوهشی، پژوهشکده مطالعات و تحقیقات منابع آب، مؤسسه تحقیقات آب، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

به منظور حفظ و بقای منابع آب زیرزمینی، ارزیابی پایداری ‏آبخوان‌ها در برابر وقایع و تنش‏های مختلف اعم از انسانی و اقلیمی ضروری است. بدین منظور در این مقاله با استفاده از شاخص‏های پایداری منابع آب زیرزمینی در سه بعد کمی، کیفی و محیط زیستی ارزیابی پایداری مکانی در آبخوان ورامین مورد سنجش قرار گرفته است. این شاخص‏ها شامل شاخص تغییر در ذخیره آب زیرزمینی (شاخص هیدروژئولوژی کمی)، شاخص تغییر در کیفیت آب زیرزمینی و شاخص مشکلات کیفیت آب زیرزمینی (شاخص‏های هیدروژئولوژی کیفی)، شاخص آسیب‌پذیری آب‏های زیرزمینی و شاخص خشک‌سالی آب زیرزمینی (شاخص‏های محیط زیستی) هستند. پس از ارزیابی هر شاخص، پایداری کلی آبخوان با تلفیق شاخص‌ها با دو روش تحلیل سلسله مراتبی (AHP) و آنتروپی انجام گرفته است. براین اساس نتایج نهایی ارزیابی پایداری آبخوان در دشت ورامین نشان می‌دهد که بخش شرقی آبخوان پایداری بالاتری نسبت به بخش غربی آبخوان دارد. پایداری پایین آبخوان در بخش‌های غربی بین عدد صفر تا 25 نمایانگر نیاز شدید پیاده‌سازی طرح‌های مدیریت احیای آبخوان است. وضعیت هیدروژئولوژیکی و هیدروژئوشیمی آبخوان نتایج به دست آمده از وضعیت پایداری آبخوان را تأیید می‌نماید. از لحاظ هیدروژئولوژیکی بخش شمالی و شرقی آبخوان ضخامت زیاد و قابلیت انتقال بالایی وجود دارد در حالی که در غرب دشت ضخامت به شدت کاهش پیدا می‌کند و آبرفت‌ها نیز دانه‌ریز با قابلیت انتقال پایین هستند. همچنین حضور رودخانه شور در بخش غربی آبخوان که مسیر عبور فاضلاب است باعث کاهش پایداری کیفی و افزایش آسیب‌پذیری آبخوان در بخش غربی آبخوان شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of spatial stability of Varamin aquifer in three dimensions of quantity, quality and environment

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saeideh Samani
  • Hamid Kardan Moghaddam
Assistant Professor, Department of Water Resources Study and Research, Water Research Institute (WRI), Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

To protect aquifers, it is necessary to assess their current and future stresses. For this purpose, in this paper, the indicators of groundwater resources sustainability in three dimensions of quantity, quality, and environment in the Varamin aquifer have been used to evaluate the spatial sustainability of different parts of this aquifer. In this study, a quantitative hydrogeological index; two qualitative hydrogeological indicators and two environmental indicators, and a total of 5 sustainability indicators have been used to study the spatial sustainability of the Varamin aquifer. The overall sustainability of the aquifer has been evaluated by AHP weight averaging and entropy methods from different dimensions of sustainability assessment indicators with the opinions of experts. The final results of the spatial sustainability assessment of the Varamin aquifer show that the eastern part of the aquifer is more stable than the western part of the aquifer. The low stability of the aquifer in the western parts between zero and 25 indicates the urgent need to implement aquifer sustainability management plans. The hydrogeological and hydrogeochemical status of the aquifer confirms the results obtained from the spatial sustainability of the aquifer. Hydrogeologically, the northern and eastern parts of the aquifer are very thick and have high transmissivity, while in the west the thickness decreases sharply and the alluvium is granular with low transmissivity. Also, the presence of the saline river in the western part of the aquifer, which is the passage of sewage, has reduced the quality stability and increased the vulnerability of the aquifer in the western part of the aquifer.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • AHP method
  • Aquifer recovery
  • Shannon entropy
  • Sustainability indicators

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مدیریت آب و آبیاری
دوره 11، شماره 2
شهریور 1400
صفحه 189-206

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