تأثیر سطوح مختلف آبیاری قطره ای پالسی بر عملکرد و بهره وری آب ذرت علوفه ای

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموختة کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مهندسی و مدیریت آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی و مدیریت آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.

3 دانشیار، مؤسسه تحقیقات فنی و مهدسی کشاورزی، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.

4 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مهندسی و مدیریت آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر سطوح مختلف آبیاری تحت دو مدیریت پالسی و پیوسته بر عملکرد بیولوژیک و بهره‌وری آب ذرت علوفه-ای رقم zp 606، آزمایشی در قالب کرت‌های نواری خرد شده بر پایه طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال 1398در ورامین اجرا شد. فاکتور اصلی شامل چهار سطح آبیاری تأمین 120، 100، 80 و60 درصد (به ترتیب 2I، 1I، 3I و 4I) نیاز آبی ذرت و فاکتور فرعی شامل دو مدیریت آبیاری پالسی(P) و پیوسته (C) بودند. براساس نتایج، بیشترین عملکرد بیولوژیک و عملکرد تازه محصول ذرت علوفه‌ای مربوط به تیمار 2PI به‌ترتیب برابر با 26 و67/86 تن در هکتار و بیشترین بهره‌وری آب آبیاری نیز در تیمار 3PI برابر 72/6 کیلوگرم برمترمکعب به‌دست آمد. با توجه به مقایسه میانگین انجام شده و مقادیر بهره‌وری آب آبیاری تیمارها، در مناطق مشابه که با کمبود منابع آب مواجه هستند به‌منظور صرفه‌جویی 20 درصدی در مصرف آب، اعمال تیمار کم‌آبیاری پالسی )3(PI و در صورت عدم محدودیت دسترسی به منابع آب به‌منظور افزایش عملکرد محصول، اعمال تیمار بیش‌آبیاری پالسی (PI2) پیشنهاد می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of Different Pulsed Drip Irrigation Levels on the Yield and Water Productivity of Silage Maize

نویسندگان [English]

  • Iman Hajirad 1
  • Seyed Majid Mirlatifi 2
  • Hossein Dehghanisanij 3
  • Sanaz Mohammadi 4
1 Graduated Student, Water Management and Engineering Department, Collage of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Water Management and Engineering Department, Collage of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Agricultural Engineering Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran.
4 Ph.D. Candidate, Water Management and Engineering Department, Collage of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

In order to evaluate the effects of different irrigation levels under pulsed and continuous management on the biological yield and water productivity of silage maize, an experiment in the form of split plot in completely randomized block design with three replications was performed in Varamin. The main factors included four irrigation levels of applying 120 Percent, 100 Percent, 80 Percent and 60 Percent (I_2, I_1, I_3 and I_4, respectively) of maize water requirement and the sub-main factors included two pulsed (p) and continuous (c) irrigation management strategies. The results of the statistical analysis showed that the highest biological and fresh yields were obtained in PI_2 treatment equal to 26 and 86.67 (ton/ha) and the highest water productivity was obtained in PI_3 treatment equal to 6.72 kg / m^3. According to the results, in regions faced with water scarcity, application of deficit irrigation treatment with pulsed management (PI3) is recommended to save 20 Percent of water consumption. If there is no restriction in water availability, over-irrigation treatment under pulsed management (PI2) can be recommended to increase maize yield.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Deficit Irrigation
  • Irrigation Management
  • Irrigation Regimes
  • Pulsed drip Irrigation

مراجع

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مدیریت آب و آبیاری
دوره 11، شماره 2
شهریور 1400
صفحه 87-98

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