ارزیابی اثر کود نیتروژن و روش‌های آبیاری جویچه‌ای یک در میان بر کارایی کاربرد آب در کشت گیاه کینوا

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

2 استاد، گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

3 دانشجوی کارشناسی، گروه مدیریت مناطق خشک و بیابانی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

‌به‌منظور بررسی اثر آبیاری جویچه‌ای و کود نیتروژن بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد کینوا، طرحی در قالب کرت‌های خرد شده و بر اساس بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی و با سه تکرار در سال 1397 در دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد انجام شد. تیمارها شامل سه روش آبیاری (جویچه‌ای FI، یک در میان ثابت FAFI و یک در میان متناوب VIFI) و سه سطح کوددهی نیتروژن (50، 100 و 200 کیلوگرم در هکتار) بود. استفاده از 100 و 200 کیلوگرم کود نیتروژن (در مقایسه با کوددهی به میزان 50 کیلوگرم در هکتار) 5/62+ و 8/70+ درصد عملکرد در واحد سطح گیاه کینوا را افزایش داد. در اثر اعمال روش‌های مختلف آبیاری جویچه‌ای یک در میان ثابت و متناوب، تغییراتی به‌میزان 8/9- و 3/9- در صفت ارتفاع بوته مشاهده شد. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که عملکرد دانه در تیمار FAFI50 دارای کمترین مقدار (3/14 گرم) و در تیمار VAFI50 دارای بیشترین مقدار (4/33 گرم) بود. به‌طور کلی در تیمار آبیاری جویچه‌ای یک در میان متناوب و 200 کیلوگرم در هکتار کود نیتروژن (VAFI200) کاهش کاربرد آب و دستیابی به عملکرد مناسب محصول اتفاق افتاده که منجر به افزایش کارایی کاربرد آب در شرایط اقلیمی مشهد شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of the effects of nitrogen and alternate furrow irrigation method on water use efficiency in cultivation of Quinoa plant

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saber Jamali 1
  • Hossein Ansari 2
  • Seyede Mahboube Zeynodin 3
1 Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Water Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi university of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Water Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi university of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
3 B.Sc. Graduated, Department of Desert and Arid Areas Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Ferdowsi university of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
چکیده [English]

To investigate the effects of furrow irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer on yield and yield components of Quinoa, an experiment was conducted as a split-plot based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in 2018 at Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. Treatments included three irrigation methods (furrow irrigation (FI), fixed alternate furrow irrigation (FAFI), and variable alternate furrow irrigation (VAFI)) and three-level of nitrogen fertilizing (50, 100, and 200 Kg/ha). The yield of quinoa was increased +62.5 and +70.8 percent under the use of 100 and 200 Kg/ha nitrogen fertilizer (compared to 50 Kg/ha using nitrogen fertilizer). The plant height was decreased -9.8 and -9.3 percent under using FAFI and VAFI, respectively. The result showed that the lowest and the highest of grain yield with 14.3 g and 33.4 g in FAFI50 and VAFI200, respectively. Generally, the use of variable alternative furrow irrigation + 200 Kg/ha nitrogen (VAFI200) was decreased irrigation water consumption and increasing water use efficiency, therefore with this treatment in Mashhad climatic conditions can be produced a reliable yield.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Irrigation method
  • Quinoa grain yield
  • Titicaca cultivar
  • Water productivity

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مدیریت آب و آبیاری
دوره 11، شماره 2
شهریور 1400
صفحه 99-112

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