همبستگی شاخص های تنش مبتنی بر دمای پوشش گیاهی با وضعیت آب خاک در درخت بادام تحت تنش همزمان خشکی و شوری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان شرقی، سازمان تحقبقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تبریز،

2 بخش تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان شرقی، سازمان تحقبقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

دمای پوشش گیاهی روشی است که بدون نیاز به نمونه‌برداری و به‌صورت سنجش از دور توانایی پایش وضعیت آب گیاه را دارد. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی تاثیر توام تنش آبی و شوری بر شاخص‌های تنش آبی درخت بادام در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه سطح شوری آب، شامل آب چاه با شوری dS/m2 (T1)، و آب‌های شور با همان ترکیب آب چاه dS/m4 (T2) و dS/m5 (T3) در سه تکرار در خاکی با بافت شن لومی در استان آذربایجان شرقی و در سال 1393 اجرا شد. در طول فصل رشد دمای تاج درخت (Tc)، دمای هوا (Ta)، رطوبت نسبی هوا و رطوبت خاک (SWC) تا عمق 70 سانتی‌متر در نیم‌روز (ساعت 12 تا 14) اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که شوری تاثیر معنی‌داری (P<0.01) بر دمای تاج درخت، اختلاف دمای تاج درخت و هوا (Tc-Ta) و تخلیه آب قابل استفاده (AWD) خاک داشت. ارتباط معنی‌داری (P<0.01) بین Tc، Tc-Ta، SWC و AWD حاصل شد. حد آستانه‌ای Tc برای شروع تنش، در تیمارهای T1 تا T3 به‌ترتیب 6/31، 3/30 و 4/28 درجه سلسیوس بود. SWC برای این دماهای تاج، به‌ترتیب 70/8، 01/11 و 07/14 درصد بود. وجود همبستگی قوی (P<0.01) بین Tc با شاخص‌های تنش مبتنی بر وضعیت آب خاک نشان داد که می‌توان از Tc به‌عنوان ابزاری کارآمد برای پایش وضعیت آبی درخت بادام به‌منظور برنامه‌ریزی آبیاری دقیق استفاده کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Correlation between canopy temperature based water stress indicators and soil water status in almond trees under simultaneous salinity and water stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ajdar Onnabi Milani 1
  • Mohammad Zarrinbal 2
1 Soil and Water Research Department, East Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Tabriz, Iran
2 Seed and Plant Improvement Research Department, East Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

One of the non-invasive and remotely sensing method for measuring plant water status, and also irrigation automation, is using canopy temperature as an indicator. This study aimed to evaluate the combined effect of salinity and drought stress on almond water status. The trial was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications on a loamy sand soil. Treatments comprised three irrigation salinity levels viz. 2 (T1), 4 (T2), and 5 (T3) dSm-1. Canopy (Tc) and air (Ta) temperatures, relative humidity and integrated volumetric soil water content (SWC) at three depths (0˗20, 0˗40, and 0˗70) were measured at midday (12˗14) during the growing season. Results indicated that salinity has significant effect on Tc, Tc-Ta and available water depletion (AWD). Seasonal averages of Tc for treatment T1 to T3 were 31.9, 32.7 and 33.6 oC, respectively. Significant correlation was found between Tc, Tc-Ta, SWC and AWD. Threshold value of Tc for initiating stress in treatment T1 to T3 was obtained to be 31.6, 30.3 and 28.4 oC, respectively. Corresponding SWC for these Tc were 8.70, 11.01 and 14.07 %, respectively. High correlation between Tc and soil water status, shows that midday canopy temperature may be a useful tool for assessment of water status and precision irrigation scheduling of almond orchards.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Available water depletion
  • Irrigation scheduling
  • Plant water relations
  • Soil water content
  • Vapor pressure deficit

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مدیریت آب و آبیاری
دوره 8، شماره 1
فروردین 1397
صفحه 69-84

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