نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشکده عمران، آب و محیطزیست، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.
2 دانشکده مهندسی عمران، آب و محیط زیست، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
3 گروه مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشکده عمران، آب و محیطزیست، دانشگاه شهیدبهشتی، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
With the expansion of urbanization and the development of industrial activities, surface water resources in western Tehran have been increasingly exposed to serious pollution challenges. The aim of this study is to evaluate the quality of surface runoff and examine its impact on the water quality of the Kan River using three water quality indices, including NSFWQI, IRWQISC, and IRWQIST. For this purpose, sampling was conducted during the 1404 water year at 15 selected stations along the Kan River during both wet (February) and dry (August) seasons, and physicochemical, microbial, and toxic parameters were measured. The results of the NSFWQI and IRWQISC indices showed that water quality in most of the stations ranged from moderate to very poor, exhibiting a considerable decline from upstream to downstream. Statistical analysis also demonstrated strong correlations among parameters associated with organic and nutrient pollution, including BOD, COD, ammonia, and phosphate, which are mainly attributed to municipal wastewater discharges and agricultural runoff. In contrast, the IRWQIST index, which focuses on toxic pollutants, assessed the water quality as good in most stations, indicating that heavy metal contamination is not widespread except in a few industrial hotspots. The simultaneous evaluation using these three indices enabled the differentiation of pollution characteristics and revealed that the primary threat to the Kan River ecosystem is the high load of organic and nutrient pollutants, whereas toxic pollution tends to be more localized. Accordingly, implementing management strategies that include controlling urban and agricultural pollution sources and monitoring industrial discharges is essential for improving the river’s water quality.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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