مروری بر تئوری‌های رفتاری در ارزیابی رویکرد صرفه‌جویانه و حفاظت از منابع آب در بخش کشاورزی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشکده مهندسی عمران، آب و محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

10.22059/jwim.2025.391375.1211

چکیده

اجرای سیاست‌های حفاظت از منابع آب و ترویج رفتارهای صرفه‌جویانه نیازمند شناخت عوامل مؤثر بر رفتار مصرف‌کنندگان می‌باشد. با توجه به این‌که بخش کشاورزی بیش‌ترین سهم در مصرف منابع آب را به خود اختصاص داده است، حفاظت و مدیریت بهینه منابع آبی در این بخش دارای اهمیت است. در این راستا، تئوری‌های روان‌شناختی محیطی نقش مهمی در تبیین رفتارها و تصمیم‌های کشاورزان در قبال مصرف آب ایفا می‌کنند. هدف اصلی مطالعه مروری حاضر، شناسایی و طبقه‌بندی تئوری‌های رفتاری به‌کاررفته در حوزه حفاظت از آب و ارزیابی کاربرد هر یک از آن‌ها در تبیین رفتارهای صرفه‌جویانه کشاورزان است. مرور ادبیات در این مطالعه، براساس چارچوب آرسکی و اومالی و هم‌چنین با استفاده از تحلیل کتاب‌سنجی در نرم‌افزار VOSviewer انجام گرفته است. تحلیل مقایسه‌ای تئوری‌های رفتاری موجود نشان می‌دهد که تئوری رفتار برنامه‌ریزی‌شده و نسخه‌های توسعه‌یافته آن، با سهم 2/45 درصد، بیش‌ترین کاربرد را در مطالعات مرتبط با حفاظت از منابع آب داشته‌اند. بررسی روند زمانی مطالعات حاکی از آن است که استفاده از این نظریه در مدیریت منابع آب افزایش‌یافته و رویکردهای نوین در این زمینه بیش‌تر به نقش عوامل اجتماعی و روان‌شناختی پرداخته‌اند. از طرفی تئوری‌های کنش موجه، رفتار بین فردی، پذیرش فناوری و ارزش‌ها-هویت-هنجارهای فردی با کم‌ترین سهم درمجموع 8/4 درصد از سهم مطالعات را به خود اختصاص داده‌اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

A Review of Behavioral Theories in Evaluating Water Conservation and Protection Approaches in the Agricultural Sector

نویسندگان [English]

  • Azadeh Ahmadi
  • Helia Ghofrani
  • Hamoon Yousefi
Faculty of Civil, Water and Environmental Engineering, Shadid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Implementing water conservation policies and promoting water-saving behaviors require an understanding of the factors affecting consumer behavior. Given that the agricultural sector accounts for the largest share of water consumption, the conservation and optimal management of water resources in this sector are crucial. In this regard, environmental psychological theories play a significant role in explaining farmers' behaviors and decisions regarding water use. The primary objective of this review is to identify and classify behavioral theories used in the field of water conservation and to evaluate their application in explaining farmers' water-saving behaviors. The literature review in this study was conducted based on the Arksey and O'Malley framework and bibliometric analysis using VOSviewer software. A comparative analysis of existing behavioral theories indicates that the Theory of Planned Behavior and its extended versions, with a share of 45.2 percent, have been the most widely used in studies related to water conservation. A temporal analysis of the studies reveals that the application of this theory in water resource management has increased, and recent approaches in this field have placed greater emphasis on social and psychological factors. On the other hand, the Theories of Reasoned Action, Interpersonal Behavior, Technology Acceptance, and Values-Identity-Personal Norms have had the lowest share, collectively accounting for only 4.8 percent of the total studies.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Behavioral theories
  • Sustainable agriculture
  • Water conservation
  • Water-saving behaviors

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مدیریت آب و آبیاری
دوره 15، شماره 2
شهریور 1404
صفحه 315-335

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