بررسی و مقایسه داده‌های اندازه گیری و برآوردی سرعت نفوذ آب، در سه نوع بافت خاک

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده فناوری کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

10.22059/jwim.2025.388498.1202

چکیده

نفوذ آب در خاک‌ با بافت‌های مختلف رفتار متفاوتی دارد، پارامترهای آن تابعی از زمان و مکان بوده و تعداد زیادی اندازه‌گیری‌های مزرعه‌ای نیاز است تا نشان‌دهنده متوسط شرایط مزرعه باشد. اندازه‌گیری سرعت نفوذ آب در مزرعه به‌دلیل هزینه‌بر و زمان‌بربودن، با مدل‌های سرعت نفوذ برآورد می‌شود. برای طراحی سیستم‌های آبیاری و زهکشی، استفاده بهینه از آب و افزایش راندمان آبیاری، باید پارامترهای نفوذ با دقت بالا اندازه‌گیری و واسنجی شوند. هدف این پژوهش، بررسی و مقایسه داده‌های اندازه‌گیری‌شده در مزرعه با استفاده از روش استوانه‌های مضاعف و مقادیر برآوردی از معادله‌های سرعت نفوذ (کوستیاکوف، هورتون، فیلیپ و گرین و امپت)، برای سه نوع بافت خاک، در سه تکرار می‌باشد. برای ارزیابی دقت مقادیر برآوردی از معادلات سرعت نفوذ، از شاخص‌های ریشه میانگین مربعات خطا (RMSE)، میانگین انحراف خطا (MBE) و معیار ناش- ساتکلیف (ENS) استفاده گردید. معادله‌ای که کم‌ترین RMSE و MBE و بالاترین معیار ناش- ساتکلیف را داشته باشد، بهترین معادله برآورد سرعت نفوذ آب برای هر بافت خاک، انتخاب می‌شود. نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که معادله گرین و امپت با بالاترین معیار کفایت ناش- ساتکلیف و کم‌ترین خطاهای RMSE و MBE، سرعت نفوذ را با دقت بالا و نسبتاً قابل‌قبول با داده‌های اندازه‌گیری‌شده برای خاک‌های شنی لومی، سیلتی لوم و رسی برآورد کرده ‌است. مقادیر برآوردی سرعت نفوذ به‌ترتیب با معادله کوستیاکوف برای خاک سیلتی لوم، معادله هورتون برای خاک شن لومی و معادله فیلیپ برای خاک رسی از دقت لازم برخوردار نبوده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation and comparison of Measured and Estimated Infiltration Rate in Three Soil Textures

نویسنده [English]

  • Behzad Azadegan
Behzad Azadegan, Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, University of Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Infiltration in soils with different textures exhibits varying behavior. Infiltration rate parameters depend on time and location, requiring numerous field measurements used to represent average field conditions, but measuring in the field is costly and time-consuming; they are estimated by infiltration equations. For optimal water use and increased irrigation efficiency, infiltration equation parameters, which are an essential role in the design of irrigation and drainage systems, should be calibrated with high accuracy. The purpose of this research is to evaluate and compare field-measured data with estimates from equations (Kostiakov, Horton, Philip, Green and Ampt), based on the using the double-ring method for three soil textures in three replicates. In this research, the cumulative infiltration rate measured by the double rings method for sandy loam, silty loam, and clay soil textures. Evaluation to the accuracy of the estimated values, the study utilized RMSE, MBE, and ENS. The equation with the lowest RMSE and MBE and the highest ENS was identified as the best for estimating infiltration rates for each soil texture. The results of this research, based on the evaluation indicators, determined: the Kostiakov, Green and Ampt equation, with the highest Nash-Sutcliffe indices and the lowest RMSE and MBE errors, infiltration rate with high accuracy, like the measurement data, for sandy loam, silty loam, and clay soils have estimated with the most accuracy and the least error. However, the Kostiakov for silty loam, the Horton for sandy loam, and the Philip equations for clay soils did not achieve the desired accuracy.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Double ring
  • Field
  • Infiltration rate
  • soil texture

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مدیریت آب و آبیاری
دوره 15، شماره 2
شهریور 1404
صفحه 221-233

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