مدلسازی گرادیان مکانی خدمت اکوسیستمی تولید آب با ‏InVEST‏ در‎ ‎زیرحوزه‌های شمالی استان کرمان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران.

2 گروه مهندسی طبیعت، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران.

3 گروه علوم و مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه اردکان، اردکان، ایران.

4 گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران.

10.22059/jwim.2023.349742.1024

چکیده

خدمت اکوسیستمی تولید آب متاثر از فعالیت‌های مخرب انسانی است و اولین گام جهت مدیریت پایدار این خدمت، برآورد کمیت آن ‏از طریق مدل‌سازی است. پژوهش‎ ‎حاضر‎ ‎با‎ ‎هدف‎ ‎به‌کارگیری‎ ‎مدل هیدرولوژیک‎ InVEST ‎در‎ ‎کمی‌سازی خدمت اکوسیستمی‎ ‎تولید آب و ‏ارزشگذاری آن در زیرحوزه‌های خشک و نیمه‌خشک شمالی استان کرمان‎ ‎انجام‎ ‎شد‎.‎‏ ابتدا، نقشه‌های‎ ‎میانگین‎ ‎بارندگی سالیانه،‎ ‎عمق ‏لایه‌های محدودکنندۀ‎ ‎ریشه، مقدار آب‎ ‎در‎ ‎دسترس‎ ‎گیاه، کاربری اراضی/پوشش سطح زمین (‏LULC‏) و‎ ‎مرز‎ ‎حوزه‎ ‎و زیرحوزههای منطقه‎ ‎به‌عنوان‎ ‎ورودیهای‎ ‎مدل وارد‎ ‎شدند‎ ‎و نقشه مقدار‎ ‎تقریبی‎ ‎تبخیروتعرق‎ ‎واقعی (‏AET‏) در‎ ‎هر پیکسل و نقشۀ‎ ‎تولید‎ ‎آب برآورد شده‎ ‎در‎ ‎هر ‏پیکسل‎ ‎به‌دست‎ ‎آمد.‏‎ ‎براساس محاسبات‎ ‎انجام شده توسط‎ ‎مدل‎ ‎در‎ ‎منطقه مورد نظر، سالانه‎ ‎‏43/5112 میلیون مترمکعب آب با ارزشی بیش از ‏‏418500 میلیارد ریال تولید‎ ‎می‌شود‎ ‎که بیشترین‎ ‎مقدار‎ ‎تولید‎ ‎آب،‎ ‎در‎ ‎زیرحوزه یک (ابرقو-سیرجان)‏‎ ‎با‎ ‎‏ 2103 میلیون مترمکعب‎ ‎در‎ ‎سال‎ ‎و‎ ‎کمترین‎ ‎میزان‎ ‎تولید‎ ‎آب،‎ ‎در‎ ‎زیرحوزه سه (کویرلوت شمالی) با مقدار 84/741 میلیون مترمکعب است‎.‎‏ نتایج نشان داد که سطح عرضه ‏خدمت تولید آب به‌شدت تحت تاثیر تغییرات مکانی ‏LULC‏ است به طوری‌که در مجموع، اراضی مرتعی پرتراکم 7/27630 MCM در هکتار و همچنین هر هکتار از جنگل پرتراکم، قادر به تولید 6/1104 MCM آب است که نقش پوشش گیاهی را ‏در نفوذ آب و تغذیه آبخوان‌ها در مناطق مرتفع نشان میدهد. نتایج این مطالعه در برنامه‌ریزی مکانی جهت کاهش اثرات مخرب سیل و ‏خشکسالی، جلوگیری از تخریب اراضی و توسعه پوشش گیاهی، تغذیه آبخوان‌ها و همچنین برآورد خسارات در حسابداری سبز قابل ‏کاربرد است. ‏

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Spatial gradient modeling of water yield service using InVEST in northern sub-basins of ‎Kerman province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Malihe Erfani 1
  • Sharif Joorabian shooshtari 2
  • Tahere Ardakani 3
  • Fatemeh Jahanishakib 4
1 Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran.
2 Department of Nature Engineering, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran.
3 Department of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Ardakan University, P.O. Box 184, Ardakan, Iran‎.‏‎
4 Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The ecosystem service of water yield is affected by damaging human activities, and the estimation of its quantity ‎through modeling is the first step to sustainable management of this service. This research applied the InVEST ‎hydrological model to quantify the ecosystem service of water yield and its valuation in the northern arid and semi-arid ‎sub-basins of Kerman province. First, for modelling the water yield were entered the maps such as annual average ‎precipitation, depth of root limiting layers, plant accessible water capacity, land use/land cover (LULC), and the ‎boundaries of the basin and sub-basins, and the approximate amount of actual evapotranspiration (AET) in each pixel. ‎Then maps of estimated water yield in each pixel was obtained. The model calculated 5112.43 million cubic meters of ‎water with a value of more than 418500 billion Rails are produced annually, the highest amount of water yield is in sub-‎basin one (Abargho-Sirjan) with 2103 million cubic meters per year and the lowest amount of water yield in sub-region ‎three (north Kavir-e lut) with the amount of 741.84 MCM. The results showed that the value of supply the ‎water yield service is strongly influenced by the spatial changes of LULC. Dense range lands produce 27630.7 MCM of ‎water per hectare, and each hectare of dense forest can produce 1104.6 MCM of water. Therefore the role of vegetation ‎shows the influence of water infiltration and feeding of aquifers in high areas. The results of this study can be used in ‎spatial planning to reduce the destructive effects of floods and droughts, prevent land degradation and develop vegetation, ‎feed aquifers, and also estimate damages in green accounting.‎

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Arid and semi-arid regions
  • Economic valuation
  • Ecosystem service
  • modeling

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مدیریت آب و آبیاری
دوره 13، شماره 1
فروردین 1402
صفحه 63-81

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