مدیریت آب و آبیاری

مدیریت آب و آبیاری

مدلسازی گرادیان مکانی خدمت اکوسیستمی تولید آب با ‏InVEST‏ در‎ ‎زیرحوزه‌های شمالی استان کرمان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
ملیحه عرفانی 1
َشریف جورابیان شوشتری 2
طاهره اردکانی 3
فاطمه جهانی شکیب 4
1 گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران.
2 گروه مهندسی طبیعت، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران.
3 گروه علوم و مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه اردکان، اردکان، ایران.
4 گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران.
10.22059/jwim.2023.349742.1024
چکیده
خدمت اکوسیستمی تولید آب متاثر از فعالیت‌های مخرب انسانی است و اولین گام جهت مدیریت پایدار این خدمت، برآورد کمیت آن ‏از طریق مدل‌سازی است. پژوهش‎ ‎حاضر‎ ‎با‎ ‎هدف‎ ‎به‌کارگیری‎ ‎مدل هیدرولوژیک‎ InVEST ‎در‎ ‎کمی‌سازی خدمت اکوسیستمی‎ ‎تولید آب و ‏ارزشگذاری آن در زیرحوزه‌های خشک و نیمه‌خشک شمالی استان کرمان‎ ‎انجام‎ ‎شد‎.‎‏ ابتدا، نقشه‌های‎ ‎میانگین‎ ‎بارندگی سالیانه،‎ ‎عمق ‏لایه‌های محدودکنندۀ‎ ‎ریشه، مقدار آب‎ ‎در‎ ‎دسترس‎ ‎گیاه، کاربری اراضی/پوشش سطح زمین (‏LULC‏) و‎ ‎مرز‎ ‎حوزه‎ ‎و زیرحوزههای منطقه‎ ‎به‌عنوان‎ ‎ورودیهای‎ ‎مدل وارد‎ ‎شدند‎ ‎و نقشه مقدار‎ ‎تقریبی‎ ‎تبخیروتعرق‎ ‎واقعی (‏AET‏) در‎ ‎هر پیکسل و نقشۀ‎ ‎تولید‎ ‎آب برآورد شده‎ ‎در‎ ‎هر ‏پیکسل‎ ‎به‌دست‎ ‎آمد.‏‎ ‎براساس محاسبات‎ ‎انجام شده توسط‎ ‎مدل‎ ‎در‎ ‎منطقه مورد نظر، سالانه‎ ‎‏43/5112 میلیون مترمکعب آب با ارزشی بیش از ‏‏418500 میلیارد ریال تولید‎ ‎می‌شود‎ ‎که بیشترین‎ ‎مقدار‎ ‎تولید‎ ‎آب،‎ ‎در‎ ‎زیرحوزه یک (ابرقو-سیرجان)‏‎ ‎با‎ ‎‏ 2103 میلیون مترمکعب‎ ‎در‎ ‎سال‎ ‎و‎ ‎کمترین‎ ‎میزان‎ ‎تولید‎ ‎آب،‎ ‎در‎ ‎زیرحوزه سه (کویرلوت شمالی) با مقدار 84/741 میلیون مترمکعب است‎.‎‏ نتایج نشان داد که سطح عرضه ‏خدمت تولید آب به‌شدت تحت تاثیر تغییرات مکانی ‏LULC‏ است به طوری‌که در مجموع، اراضی مرتعی پرتراکم 7/27630 MCM در هکتار و همچنین هر هکتار از جنگل پرتراکم، قادر به تولید 6/1104 MCM آب است که نقش پوشش گیاهی را ‏در نفوذ آب و تغذیه آبخوان‌ها در مناطق مرتفع نشان میدهد. نتایج این مطالعه در برنامه‌ریزی مکانی جهت کاهش اثرات مخرب سیل و ‏خشکسالی، جلوگیری از تخریب اراضی و توسعه پوشش گیاهی، تغذیه آبخوان‌ها و همچنین برآورد خسارات در حسابداری سبز قابل ‏کاربرد است. ‏
کلیدواژه‌ها
ارزش‌گذاری اقتصادی
خدمات اکوسیستم
مدل‌سازی
مناطق خشک و نیمه‌خشک
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Spatial gradient modeling of water yield service using InVEST in northern sub-basins of ‎Kerman province

نویسندگان English

Malihe Erfani 1
Sharif Joorabian shooshtari 2
Tahere Ardakani 3
Fatemeh Jahanishakib 4
1 Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran.
2 Department of Nature Engineering, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran.
3 Department of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Ardakan University, P.O. Box 184, Ardakan, Iran‎.‏‎
4 Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran.
چکیده English

The ecosystem service of water yield is affected by damaging human activities, and the estimation of its quantity ‎through modeling is the first step to sustainable management of this service. This research applied the InVEST ‎hydrological model to quantify the ecosystem service of water yield and its valuation in the northern arid and semi-arid ‎sub-basins of Kerman province. First, for modelling the water yield were entered the maps such as annual average ‎precipitation, depth of root limiting layers, plant accessible water capacity, land use/land cover (LULC), and the ‎boundaries of the basin and sub-basins, and the approximate amount of actual evapotranspiration (AET) in each pixel. ‎Then maps of estimated water yield in each pixel was obtained. The model calculated 5112.43 million cubic meters of ‎water with a value of more than 418500 billion Rails are produced annually, the highest amount of water yield is in sub-‎basin one (Abargho-Sirjan) with 2103 million cubic meters per year and the lowest amount of water yield in sub-region ‎three (north Kavir-e lut) with the amount of 741.84 MCM. The results showed that the value of supply the ‎water yield service is strongly influenced by the spatial changes of LULC. Dense range lands produce 27630.7 MCM of ‎water per hectare, and each hectare of dense forest can produce 1104.6 MCM of water. Therefore the role of vegetation ‎shows the influence of water infiltration and feeding of aquifers in high areas. The results of this study can be used in ‎spatial planning to reduce the destructive effects of floods and droughts, prevent land degradation and develop vegetation, ‎feed aquifers, and also estimate damages in green accounting.‎

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Arid and semi-arid regions
Economic valuation
Ecosystem service
modeling
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مدیریت آب و آبیاری
دوره 13، شماره 1
بهار 1402
صفحه 63-81