Effect of forage maize biochar and urea fertilizer on soil chemical properties and pepper yield under greenhouse conditions

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Ph.D. Candidate of Irrigation and Drainage, Department of Water Engineering, Aburaihan Campus, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Water Engineering, Aburaihan Campus, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

3 Professor, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resource, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.

4 Assistant Professor, Department of Horticulture, Aburaihan Campus, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

5 Professor, Agricultural Engineering Research Institute (AERI), Karaj, Iran.

Abstract

In order to investigate the effect of forage maize biochar and urea fertilizer application on bell pepper cultivar, a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with three replicates and nine treatment was conducted. The treatments consisted of three levels of forage maize biochar (zero, 2, and 5% Soil weight) and three required urea fertilizer (75% 100%, and 120%). One bell pepper was transferred in 4-leaf pots containing 5 kg of soil and biochar, then in three stages and in each stage, 236, 314, and 376 mg kg-1 N of urea fertilizer was added to the pot. At the end stage of cultivation, EC, pH, Na, K, Ca+ mg, carbon organic, total nitrogen and wet yield fruit bell pepper measurements were done. The results indicated that the treatment of 120% urea fertilizer and 5 percentage biochar EC, pH, sodium, and total nitrogen cumulative in soil 41.7, 12.5, 2.1 and 58.3% and soil organic carbon 4.16 times, were compared to the control treatment. respectively. In 120% urea fertilizer and 5 percentage biochar treatment soil potassium increase by 96.8% in comparison with the control treatment. Also, the highest increase calcium and magnesium the treatment 100% urea fertilizer and 2 percentage biochar cumulative in soil by 58.3%. In addition, the results indicate that the treatment of 120% urea fertilizer without biochar increased the wet yield fruit of bell pepper by 61.5% compared to the control treatment.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

Ali, K., Arif, M. & Jan, T. (2015). Integrated use of biochar: A tool for improving soil and wheat quality of degraded soil under soil wheat-maize cropping pattern. Pakestan Journal of Botany, 47(1), 233-240.
Azeem, M., Hayat, R., Hussain, Q., Ahmed, M., Imran, M., & Crowley, D. (2016). Effect of biochar amendment on soil microbial biomass, abundance, and enzyme activity in the mash bean field. Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences, 8(6), 1-13.
Bednik, M., Medy´nska-Juraszek, A., Dudek, M., Kloc, S., Kret, A., Łabaz, B & Waroszewski, J. (2020). Wheat Straw Biochar and NPK Fertilization Efficiency in Sandy Soil Reclamation. Agronomy, 10(4), 496.
Chaganti, V.N., Crohn, D.M., & Simunek, J. (2015). Leaching and reclamation of biochar and compost amended saline-sodic soil with moderate SAR reclaimed water. Agricultural Water Management, 158, 255-265.
Deoband Hafshjani, L. (2016). Investigation of the effect of low-intensity and low-sediment application of sugarcane bagasse on the prevention of nitrate leaching in Khodak. Doctoral dissertation of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran.
Freddo, A. (2013). Biochar: for better or for worse? Doctoral dissertation dissertation, University of East Anglia School of Environmental Science, England.
Gokila, B., & Baskar, K. (2015). Influence of biochar as soil amendment on yield and quality of maize in alfisol of Thoothukudi of Thamilandu, India. International Journal of Plant, Animal and Environmental Sciences, 5(1):152-155.
Grattan, S.R. & Grieve, C.M. (1999). Salinity-mineral nutrition relations in horticultural crops. Scientia Horticulturae, 78(1-4), 127-157.
Guvili, A., Mousavi, A. A., & Kamkar Haghighi, A. (2016). Effect of cattle manure biochar and moisture stress on growth characteristics and spinach water use efficiency in greenhouse conditions. Water research in agriculture, 30(2), 259-243. (In Persian).
Hamifar, Y. (2019). Water-borne patients. Hamadan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Fatemieh Hospital. (In Persian)
Jemal, K., & Abebe, A. (2016). Determination of bio-char rate for improved production of Lemmon grass (Cymbopogon citracut L.). International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research, 4(2), 149-157.
Khalid Chaudhry, U., Shahzad, S., Nadir Naqqash, M., Saboor, A., Subtain Abbas, M., Saeed F., & Yaqoob, S. 2016. Integration of biochar and chemical fertilizer to enhance quality of soil and wheat crop (Triticum aestivum L.). Journal Biodivers Environment Scince. 9(1), 348-358.
Kumar, S., Masto, R., E. Lal, C. R., Sarkar, P., George, J. & Selvi, V. A. (2013). Biochar preparation from Parthenium hysterophorus and its potential use in soil application. Journal of Ecological Engineering, 55(3), 67-72.
Masto, R.E., Kumar, S., Rout, T.K., Sarkar, P., George, J., & Ram, L.C. (2013). Biochar from water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) and its impact on soil biological activity. Catena, 111, 64-71.
Moradi, N., Sedghiani, M., H., & Sepehr, A. (2017). The effect of type and amount of biochar on some soil characteristics and usability of some nutrients in a calcareous soil. Water and soil (agricultural sciences and industries), 4(31), 1246-1232. (In Persian)
Nielsen, D. C., & Halvorson, A. D. (1991). Nitrogen fertility influence on water stress and yield of winter wheat. Agronomy Journal, 83(6), 1065-1070.
Novak, J.M., Busscher, W.J., Laird, D.L. Ahmedna, M., Watts, D.W., & Niandou, M.A.S. (2009). Impact of biochar amendment on fertility of a Southeastern coastal Plain soil. Soil Science, 174(2), 105–112.
Lei, O., & Zhang, R. (2013). Effects of bio-chars derived from different feedstocks and pyrolysis temperatures on soil physical and hydraulic properties. Soils and Sediments, 13(9), 1561-1572.
Leghari, S.J., Wahocho, N.A., Laghari, G.M., HafeezLaghari, A., MustafaBhabhan, G., Hussain Talpur, K., Bhutto, T.A., Wahocho, S.A., & Lashari, A.A. (2016). Role of Nitrogen for Plant Growth and Development: A review. Advances in Environmental Biology, 10(9), 209–2016.
Lehmann, J., Da Silva Jr, J.P., Steiner, C., Nehls, T., Zech, W., & Glaser, B. (2003). Nutrient availability and leaching in an archaeological Anthrosol and a Ferralsol of the Central Amazon basin: fertilizer, manure and charcoal amendments. Plant and Soil, 249(2), 343-357.
Lehmann, J., & Joseph, S. (2009). Biochar for Environmental Management. Science and Technology, Earthscan. London, UK. Forest policy and Econamics, 11(7), 535-536.
Parechehreh, M., Sadeghzadeh, F., Bahmanyar, M.A., Ghajar sepanlo, M. (2017). Effect of rice straw biochar and Nrad wood chips on chemical properties of saline-sodium saline soil with clay loam texture. Journal of Soil and Water Science. 27(4):49-61.
Pühringer, H. (2016). Effects of different biochar application rates on soil fertility and soil water retention in on-farm experiments on smallholder farms in Kenya. Master´s thesis, Independent Project in Environmental Science, Faculty of Natural Resources and Agricultural Sciences, Department of Soil and Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences.
Pourmansour, S., Razzaqi, F., Sepaskhah, A., & Mousavi, A. (2019). Study of growth and yield of wheat under different levels of biochar and low irrigation in greenhouse conditions. Water and Irrigation Management, 9(1), 28-25. (In Persian)
Rabiee, M. (2000). Effect of row spacing and nitrogen fertilizer rates on grain yield and agronomic characteristics of rapeseed cv. Hayola 308 as second crop in paddy fields of Guilan in Iran. Journal of Crops Seed and Plant, 27(4), 399- 415. (In Persian).
Razaqi, F., & Rezaei, n. (2017). The effect of different levels of biochar on the physical properties of soil with different textures. Protection of water and soil resources, 7(1), 88-75. (In Persian)
Oladele, S., Adeyemo, A., Awodun, M., Ajayi, A., & Fasina, A. (2019). Effects of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer on soil physicochemical properties, nitrogen use efficiency and upland rice (Oryza sativa) yield grown on an Alfisol in Southwestern Nigeria. Recycling of Organic Waste in Agriculture, 8(3), 295–308.
Younis, U., Athar, M., Malik, S.A., Raza Shah, M.H., & Mahmood, S. (2015). Biochar impact on physiological and biochemical attributes of Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) in nickel contaminated soil. Global Journal of Environmental Science Management, 1(3), 245-254.
Van Zwieten, L., Kimber, S., Morris, S., Chan, K., Downie, A., Rust, J., Joseph, S., & Cowie, A. (2010). Effects of biochar from slow pyrolysis of papermill waste on agronomic performance and soil fertility. Plant and Soil, 327(1), 235-246.
Zhang, A., Liu, Y., Pan, G., Hussain, Q., Li, L., Zheng, J., and Zhang, X. 2012. Effect of biochar amendment on maize yield and greenhouse gas emissions from a soil from central China plain. Plant and Soil. 351(1), 263–275.
Water and Irrigation Management
Volume 11, Issue 3
November 2021
Pages 593-606

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics