توسعه مدل هیبریدی به‌منظور کاهش تلفات بهره‌برداری آب از مخزن سدها

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده فناوری کشاورزی، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

10.22059/jwim.2024.377070.1162

چکیده

یکی از مهم‌ترین منابع هدررفت آب در مخازن سدها، کنترل شاخص‌های کارایی مخزن، کمبود و تلفات آب از طریق تبخیر و تراوش است. در این پژوهش درگام نخست جهت تدوین سیاست­های بهره‌برداری، مدل SOP سد پیشین واقع در استان سیستان و بلوچستان طی سال‌های 1390 تا 1397 تدوین شد. سپس برای شناسایی مقادیر رهاسازی بهینه در سیاست‌های بهره‌برداری، مدل گرادیان کاهشی تعمیم‌یافته (GRG) با سیاست بهره‌برداری استاندارد (SOP) و روش میانگین­گیری هیبرید گردید. لذا مدل­های هیبریدی بهینه‌سازی-  شبیه‌سازی گرادیان کاهشی تعمیم‌یافته-بهره‌برداری استاندارد (GRG-SOP) و گرادیان کاهشی تعمیم‌یافته-بهره‌برداری استاندارد-میانگین­گیری (GRG-SOP-AVE) توسعه داده شد. در این پژوهش شاخص‌های تلفات آب (تبخیر و تراوش)، کمبود و شاخص‌های کارایی مخزن به‌ازای سیاست‌های بهره‌برداری GRG-SOP،  GRG-SOP-AVEو بهره‌برداری فعلی برآورد شدند تا بهترین سیاست­ بهره‌برداری شناسایی گردد. نتایج این پژوهش نشان می­دهد که سیاست­ بهره‌برداری به‌دست‌آمده از مدل GRG-SOP-AVE، سبب می­شود تا مقادیر شاخص‌های کمبود  MCM/yr32/35، تبخیر MCM/yr 74/10 و تراوش MCM/yr 002/0 کاهش پیدا کنند. هم‌چنین شاخص‌های اعتمادپذیری، برگشت­پذیری، آسیب­پذیری و انعطاف­پذیری به‌ترتیب به میزان 58/67، 59/24، 69/31 و 35/11 درصد نسبت به سیاست­های دیگر بهبود بیش‌تری داشته است. لذا پیشنهاد می‌گردد جهت کاهش تلفات تراوش، تبخیر و کمبود تأمین، از سیاست­ به‌دست‌آمده از مدل GRG-SOP-AVE در سایر سدها استفاده شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Development of a hybrid model to reduce water loss in dams reservoir operation

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sakine Hatami
  • Jaber Soltani
  • Ali Mohammadi
Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture Technology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

One of the most important sources of water loss in reservoirs is controlling reservoir efficiency indicators, water deficit, and losses through evaporation and seepage. In this study, in the first step towards formulating operational policies, the SOP model of Pishin dam located in Sistan and Baluchestan Province during the years 1390 to 1397 was developed. Subsequently, to identify optimal release values in operational policies, the Generalized Reduced Gradient (GRG) extended to standard operational policy (SOP) and averaging method. Thus, hybrid optimization-simulation models of Generalized Reduced Gradient-Standard Operational Policy (GRG-SOP) and Generalized Reduced Gradient-Standard Operational Policy-Averaging (GRG-SOP-AVE) were developed. In this study, indicators of water losses (evaporation and seepage), deficit, and reservoir efficiency indices for the GRG-SOP, GRG-SOP-AVE policies, and current operation were estimated to identify the best operating policy. The results reveal that the operating policy derived from the GRG-SOP-AVE model leads to a reduction in the values of deficit, evaporation and seepage indicators by 35.32 MCM/yr, 10.74 MCM/yr, 0.002 MCM/yr, respectively. Additionally, the indicators of reliability, resilience, vulnerability, and flexibility have improved by 67.58%, 24.59%, 31.69%, and 11.35% respectively compared to other policies. Therefore, it is suggested to utilize the policy derived from the GRG-SOP-AVE model in other dams to reduce seepage, evaporation, and deficit indicators.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Evaporation
  • Hybrid operation policy
  • Pishin dam
  • Seepage
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