ارزیابی کارایی پایگاه‌های داده جهانی در برآورد مؤلفه‌های بیلان آبی در شرایط کمبود داده

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه مهندسی و مدیریت آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.

10.22059/jwim.2022.348497.1020

چکیده

پایگاه داده‌های جهانی و محصولات ماهوراه‌ای با قدرت تفکیک مکانی و زمانی بالا، به‌عنوان یک منبع جایگزین مناسب برای انجام مطالعات برآورد مؤلفه‌های بیلان آب در مناطق فاقد آمار و مناطق با عدم توزیع یکنواخت ایستگاه‌ها می‌توانند موردتوجه واقع شوند. استفاده از این داده‌ها با شرط داشتن دقت کافی، برای کشور ایران که بسیاری از قسمت‌های آن به‌ویژه مناطق بیابانی و کوهستانی به‌دلیل تراکم پایین ایستگاه‌ها، طول دوره آماری کوتاه ایستگاه‌های جدید همواره با مشکلات دسترسی به اطلاعات مکانی و زمانی اقلیم مواجه می‌باشند، از اهمیت زیادی برخوردار است. هدف اصلی این پژوهشارزیابی پایگاه داده‌های جهانی و محصولات ماهواره‌ای در برآورد بارش، تبخیر و تعرق واقعی، تغییرات ذخیره آب و آب‌های زیرزمینی در حوضه طشک‌بختگان است. برای ارزیابی بارش از پایگاه داده‌های GLDAS، PERSIANN-CDR، CHIRPS و NCEP با توجه به اهداف ما، استفاده شد. برای تبخیر و تعرق واقعی ابتدا براساس معادله بیلان تورنت وایت مقادیر تبخیر و تعرق واقعی استخراج شد و نتایج آن با پایگاه داده‌های GLDAS و GLEAM ارزیابی شد. برای برآورد تغییرات ذخایر آب و آب‌های زیرزمینی منطقه موردمطالعه از ماهواره GRACE و برای ارزیابی آن از ماهواره GLDAS برای استخراج تغییرات سالانه آب زیرزمینی استفاده شد. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده نشان داد پایگاه داده PERSIANN-CDR در تمام شاخص‌های آماری قبل و بعد از اصلاح اریبی بهترین عملکرد و همخوانی با داده‌های مشاهدتی بارش را داشته است. پایگاه داده GLEAM نیز در برآورد تبخیر و تعرق قبل و بعد از اصلاح اریبی بهترین وضعیت از لحاظ شاخص‌های آماری را با داده‌های معادله بیلان تورنت وایت داشته است. مقایسه مقادیر مشاهداتی آبخوان‌ها آب زیرزمینی با داده‌هایی که از ماهواره GRACE و GLDAS استخراج شد، نشان‌دهنده وجود روند یکسان می‌باشد و باتوجه به قدرت تفکیک مکانی پایین ماهواره GRACE و مساحت کم منطقه موردمطالعه نتایج به‌دست‌آمده برای تغییرات آب زمینی و آب زیرزمینی قابل‌قبول است. نتایج مطالعه حاضر نشان می‌دهد اطلاعات حاصل از ماهواره PERSIANN-CDR برای بارش، مدل GLEAM برای تبخیر و تعرق واقعی و ماهواره GRACE برای برآورد تغییرات آب زمینی، به‌عنوان ابزار مناسبی برای انجام برآورد‌های اولیه، سریع و کم‌هزینه در خصوص پارامترهای بیلان آب مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluating the Efficiency of Global Databases in Estimating Water Balance Components in Data Shortage Conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sobhan Rostami
  • Majid Delavar
  • Vahid Shokri Kuchak
Department of Water Engineering and Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.‎
چکیده [English]

Global database and satellite products with high spatial and time-lapse power, can be seen as a suitable alternative source for conducting studies of water balance components in statistically deficient areas and areas with no uniform distribution of stations. Use of this data provided that it has sufficient accuracy, for Iran, which many of its parts, especially desert and mountainous areas, due to the low density of stations, the short statistical period of new stations always faces problems of accessing local and time information in the region. They will be, of great importance it is. The main goal of the research is to assess the global database and satellite products to estimate real rainfall, Evapotranspiration, and changes in water storage in the Tashk-Bakhtegan basin. Used GLDAS, PERSIANN - CDR, CHIRPS, NCEP database to assess the rainfall according to our objectives. For real Evapotranspiration, the real amounts of evaporation and absorption were first extracted based on the Balance Torrent White equation, and the results were evaluated by the GLDAS database, GLEAM. The GRACE satellite was used to estimate the changes in the region's water reserves and to assess it the GLDAS satellite was used to extract annual changes in groundwater. Results obtained showed that the PERSIANN - CDR database performed best and consistent with its observational data across all statistical indicators before and after the Bias correction. GLEAM also had the best statistical performance in estimating Evapotranspiration before and after correction with Balance Torrent White Equation data. Comparison of the observation levels of underground water with data extracted from GRACE and GLDAS satellites indicates the existence of a similar trend, and, based on the power of GRACE's low locality segregation and the low area studied, the results for groundwater changes and Ground water is acceptable. The results of the present study show data from the PERSIANN- CDR satellite for rain, GLEAM model for real evaporation and absorption and GRACE satellite for estimating ground water changes as a convenient tool for making early, quick and low - cost estimates on Water Balance Components It will be used.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Evapotranspiration
  • Global Database
  • Groundwater
  • Precipitation
  • Water Balance

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مدیریت آب و آبیاری
دوره 13، شماره 1
فروردین 1402
صفحه 17-42

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