تعیین مناطق بحرانی بارش سطح کشور ایران در دوره 2021-2040 بر اثر تغییر اقلیم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی آب، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

2 گروه مهندسی منابع آب، دانشکده عمران، آب و محیط زیست، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

3 گروه مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشکده عمران، آب و محیط زیست، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

4 گروه مهندسی سیستم‌های انرژی، دانشکده مهندسی انرژی، دانشگاه صنعتی شریف، تهران، ایران.

5 دفتر مدیریت و حفاظت آب و خاک، سازمان حفاظت محیط زیست، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

در این پژوهش اثر تغییر اقلیم بر بارش آینده (2040-2021) در ایران بررسی شده است. به این منظور نتایج سه مدل گردش عمومی (GCM) به نام­های GFDL-ESM2M، HadGEM2-ES و IPSL-CM5A-LR و برای دو سناریوی انتشار گازهای گلخانه­ای RCP2.6 و RCP8.5 تحلیل شد. برای ریزمقیاس­نمایی و تصحیح سوگیری بارش روزانه از مدل CCT و داده­های بارش روزانه دوره پایه (2019-1986) استفاده شد. طبق نتایج سالانه میانگین وزن‌دار بارش سالانه ایستگاه­های باران‌سنجی در همه سناریوها به‌جز سناریو RCP8.5 در مدل IPSL-CM5A-LR، افزایشی است. میانگین وزن‌دار بارش فصل زمستان ایستگاه­های باران‌سنجی در هیچ‌یک از شرایط تغییر اقلیم کاهشی نبود اما در باقی فصل­ها مقدار بارش کاهش یا افزایش داشت. بیش‌ترین افزایش میانگین وزن‌دار بارش فصلی، در فصل زمستان و در سناریو RCP2.6 در مدل GFDL-ESM2M و به مقدار 23 میلی‌متر و بیش‌ترین کاهش میانگین وزن‌دار بارش فصلی، در فصل پاییز سناریوی RCP8.5 در مدل IPSL-CM5A-LR و برابر 5/10 میلی‌متر محاسبه شد. از سویی تغییرات اندک میانگین بارش و از سوی دیگر کاهش شدید کمینه بارش (446 میلی‌متر در اثر G3S4) و افزایش شدید بیشینه بارش (233 میلی‌متر در اثر G2S1)، نشان‌دهنده وقوع پدیده­های حدی شدید (خشکسالی و سیل) در آینده می­‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Determination of crisis areas of precipitation in Iran for period of 2021-2040 by climate change

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saman Javadi 1
  • Hossein Yousefi 2
  • Ali Moridi 3
  • Hossein Khajehpour 4
  • Touraj Fathi 5
1 , Department of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, Aburaihan Campus, University of Tehran, Iran.
2 Department of Water Resources Engineering, Faculty of Civil, Water and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil, Water and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
4 Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Faculty of Energy Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
5 Deputy of Soil and Water Conservation and Management, Department of Environment, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The climate change effect on future precipitation (2040-2021) of Iran is investigated in this study. For this purpose, the results of three general circulation models (GCM) named GFDL-ESM2M, HadGEM2-ES and IPSL-CM5A-LR were analyzed for two scenarios of greenhouse gas emissions RCP2.6 and RCP8.5. CCT model and daily precipitation data of the base period (1986-2019) were used to downscale and bias correction of future daily precipitation data. According to the annual results, the weighted average of annual precipitation of rain gauges due to all scenarios except RCP8.5 in the IPSL-CM5A-LR model was increasing. The weighted average of seasonal precipitation in winter increased in all of the studied climate change conditions, but in other seasons the amount of precipitation decreased or increased. The highest increase in the weighted average of seasonal precipitation was in winter due to the RCP2.6 scenario and GFDL-ESM2M model (23 mm). The highest decrease in the weighted average of seasonal precipitation was in autumn due to the RSP8.5 scenario and IPSL-CM5A-LR (10.5 mm). Slight changes in mean precipitation, on the other hand, a sharp decrease in minimum precipitation (446 mm due to G3S4) and a sharp increase in maximum precipitation (233 mm due to G2S1), indicate the occurrence of severe extreme events (drought and flood) in the future.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Iran
  • GCM
  • RCP2.6
  • RCP8.5
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