تحقیق آزمایشگاهی عمق آبشستگی پایین‌دست سازه‌های کنترل تراز بستر رودخانه‌ها

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکده مهندسی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران.

10.22059/jwim.2024.382030.1177

چکیده

پیش‌بینی و کنترل عمق آب‌شستگی در پایین‌دست سازه‌های کنترل تراز بستر رودخانه‌ها، یکی از حیاتی‌ترین نکات هیدرولیکی برای جلوگیری از افت بستر می‌باشد. پژوهش حاضر، تأثیر عمق پایاب و شیب بستر رسوبی رودخانه بر روی آب‌شستگی پایین‌دست سازه کنترل تراز بستر به‌صورت آزمایشگاهی بررسی می‌کند. آزمایش‌ها برای شرایط مختلف دبی و عمق پایاب یعنی، سه حالت پایاب‌های آزاد، ۵/۱ و ۲ برابر عمق اولیه حالت آزاد در سه شیب طولی بستر 05/0 درصد، 2/0 و ۴/0 درصد انجام شد. نتایج حاصل از تغییر شرایط هیدرولیکی در پایین‌دست نشان داد با افزایش عمق پایاب جریان به‌ازای دبی و شیب ثابت بستر رودخانه، مقادیر ابعاد حفره آب‌شستگی کاهش می‌یابد. با ایجاد شرایط حداکثر عمق پایاب به‌ازای دبی‌های مختلف جریان، به‌طور متوسط سبب کاهش ۲۵ درصدی عمق آب‌شستگی در پایین‌دست سازه گردید. با افزایش شیب بستر رودخانه به‌ازای یک دبی جریان و عمق پایاب ثابت، ابعاد حفره آب‌شستگی افزایش یافت. به‌طوری‌که با افزایش شیب از 05/0 به ۴/0 درصد برای حالت آزاد پایاب، عمق آب‌شستگی ۴/10 درصد افزایش یافت. رابطه جدیدی براساس پارامترهای تأثیرگذار جهت تخمین حداکثر عمق آب‌شستگی برای سازه کنترل تراز بستر ارائه شد. نتایج بررسی هم‌بستگی داده‌ها نشان داد که رابطه جدید ارائه‌شده، نتایج مناسب و با دقت بالا به‌دست می‌دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

An Experimental Reserach on the Scouring Depth Downstream of River Grade-Control Structures

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Bagherzadeh
  • Mirali Mohammadi
  • Amir Ghaderi
Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Urmia University, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Predicting and controlling the scour depth downstream of grade-control structures is one of the crucial hydraulics points in preventing riverbed erosion. The present research examines the influence of tailwater depth and longitudinal bed slopes at the downstream scouring depth of those structures by means of experimental settings. The experiments were conducted under the various tailwater depth conditions, including free tailwater e.g. 1.5 and 2 times of a free tailwater epth. The conditions were tested on three distinct longitudinal bed slopes: 0.05%, 0.2%, and 0.4%. Various flow rates were then introduced, necessary data were taken, and the hydraulic phenomena were studied. The results indicates that as the tailwater depth increases while maintaining a constant slope of the riverbed, the dimensions of the scour hole decreases. Establishing conditions for the maximum tailwater depth across various flow discharges resulted, on average, by 25% reduction in scouring depth downstream end of the structure. Conversely, by increasing the longitudinal bed slopes at a constant discharge and a related tailwater depth led to an increase in the dimensions of the scour hole. Specifically, when the bed slope increases from 0.05% to 0.4% under free tailwater conditions, the scour depth increases by 10.4%. Herein, a new relationship was developed based on the effective parameters to estimate the maximum scour depth for a grade-control structure. The correlation results demonstrated that this relationship yields accurate predictions with a high degree of reliability.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Environmental sound
  • Scouring depth
  • Free jet
  • Tailwater

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مدیریت آب و آبیاری
دوره 14، شماره 4
اسفند 1403
صفحه 1019-1036

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