تأثیر عصاره جلبک دریایی قهوه‌ای بر کاهش اثرات تنش آبی در فلفل دلمه‌ای

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده آب و خاک، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران.

2 گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران.

10.22059/jwim.2025.384872.1188

چکیده

این پژوهش به­منظور بررسی تأثیر عصاره جلبک دریایی بر عملکرد و بهره­وری مصرف آب فلفل دلمه‌ای در شرایط تنش آبی انجام شد. تاکنون پژوهشی در این زمینه در دشت سیستان انجام نشده است. پژوهش حاضر در بهمن‌ماه 1402 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی واقع در شهرستان زهک در قالب طرح کرت‌های خردشده به‌صورت بلوک کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار انجام گرفت. تیمارها شامل 3 سطح مقدار آب آبیاری (I1، I2، I3 به‌ترتیب معادل 60، 80 و 100 درصد ظرفیت زراعی خاک) و محلول‌پاشی غلظت­های مختلف عصاره جلبک دریایی (SE1، SE2، SE3 و SE4 به‌ترتیب معادل صفر، 5/0، 5/1 و 3 گرم در لیتر) بود. محلول‌پاشی برگی تیمار صفر (تیمار شاهد بدون جلبک دریایی) با آب مقطر انجام شد. نمونه‌برداری از تیمارها به‌منظور تعیین ویژگی­های ظاهری آن‌ها در فواصل زمانی هر دو هفته یک‌بار و در طول دوره رشد فلفل دلمه‌ای انجام شد. این پارامترها شامل ارتفاع گیاه و شاخص سطح برگ بود. اولین برداشت میوه اواسط اردیبهشت‌ماه 1403 انجام و در مجموع هشت مرحله برداشت انجام گردید. نتایج نشان داد تأثیر جلبک دریایی و مقادیر آب آبیاری بر پارامترهای اندازه‌گیری‌شده در سطح احتمال یک و پنج درصد معنی­دار بود. بیش‌ترین عملکرد و اجزای آن از تیمار 100 درصد نیاز آبی به­دست آمد که با تیمار 80 درصد نیاز آبی تفاوت معنی­دار نداشت. استفاده از عصاره جلبک دریایی باعث کاهش اثرات منفی تنش خشکی شد. بیش‌ترین تأثیر مثبت جلبک دریایی از تیمار 3 گرم در لیتر جلبک دریایی به­دست آمد. بیش‌ترین ارتفاع (4/96 سانتی‌متر)، قطر میوه (1/7 سانتی‌متر)، وزن میوه (5/92 گرم)، عملکرد (8/32 تن در هکتار)، حجم ریشه (6/105 سانتی‌مترمترمکعب) و طول ریشه (7/51 سانتی‌متر) از تیمار I3SE4 به­دست آمد که با تیمار I2SE4 تفاوت معنی­دار نداشت. با توجه به این­که بیش‌ترین بهره­وری مصرف آب (33/4 کیلوگرم بر مترمکعب) از تیمار I2SE4 به­دست آمد، لذا این تیمار (مصرف 3 گرم در لیتر جلبک دریایی و مقدار آب آبیاری به اندازه 80 درصد ظرفیت زراعی خاک) به‌عنوان تیمار برتر معرفی می­گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of brown seaweed extract on reducing the effects of water stress in sweet pepper

نویسندگان [English]

  • sadegh askari dehno 1
  • farzad hassanpour 1
  • halimeh piri 1
  • eisa khammari 2
1 Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Water and Soil, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran.
2 Department of agriculture, Faculty of agricultural, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran.
چکیده [English]

This research was conducted in order to investigate the effect of seaweed extract on the yield and water use productivity of sweet pepper under water stress. So far, no research has been conducted in this field in the Sistan Plain. The present research was conducted in February 2024 in a research farm located in Zahak city in the form of a split plot design in the form of a randomized complete block in three replications. The treatments include 3 levels of irrigation water amount (I1, I2, I3, respectively equivalent to 60, 80 and 100% of the field capacity of the soil) and spraying different concentrations of seaweed extract (SE1, SE2, SE3 and SE4, respectively equivalent to 0, 0.5, 1.5 and 3 gr/lit). Foliar spraying of zero treatment (control treatment without seaweed) was done with distilled water. Sampling of the treatments was done in order to determine their appearance characteristics in time intervals once every two weeks and during the growth period of sweet pepper. These parameters included plant height and leaf area index. The first fruit harvest was done in the middle of May 2024 and a total of 8 harvests were done.The results showed that the effect of seaweed and irrigation water on the measured parameters was significant at the probability level of one and five percent. The highest yield and its components were obtained from the 100% water requirement treatment, which was not significantly different from the 80% water requirement treatment. The use of seaweed extract reduced the negative effects of drought stress. The most positive effect of seaweed extract was obtained from the treatment of 3 grams per liter of seaweed extract. The highest height (96.4 cm), fruit diameter (1.7 cm), fruit weight (92.5 gr), yield (32.8 ton/ha), root volume (105.6 cm3) cube) and root length (51.7 cm) was obtained from I3SE4 treatment, which was not significantly different from I2SE4 treatment. Considering that the highest water productivity (4.33 kg/m3) was obtained from I2SE4 treatment, therefore this treatment (consumption of 3 gr/lit of seaweed extract and the amount of irrigation water equal to 80% of the field capacity of the soil) is introduced as the best treatment.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Crop growth rate
  • Leaf area index
  • Yield
  • Water productivity

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مدیریت آب و آبیاری
دوره 15، شماره 1
خرداد 1404
صفحه 147-164

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