شبیه‌سازی رواناب سطحی شهری و اولویت‌بندی روش‌های توسعه‌کم‌اثر با استفاده از مدل SWMM (مطالعه موردی: شهر نیشابور)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه هیدرولوژی و منابع آب، دانشکده مهندسی آب و محیط زیست، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.

10.22059/jwim.2023.366666.1111

چکیده

اخیرا تغییر خصوصیات هیدرولوژیک و پاسخ حوضه شهری نسبت به بارش و سیلاب‌ها از نظر کمی و کیفی در زندگی بشر و منابع مشهودتر شده است. جلوگیری از اتلاف این هرزآب‌ها و به تبع آن جبران کمبود منابع‌آبی،‌ گامی موثر در این خصوص است. در این مطالعه با شبیه‌سازی بارش-رواناب در SWMM، پاسخ هیدرولوژیکی حوضه آبریز شهری نیشابور به رواناب تولیدی با اعمال روش‌های‌ توسعه‌ کم‌اثر تحت شش سناریوی مختلف بررسی شد. اطلاعات هیدرومتری به صورت میدانی برداشت، و در نقطه خروجی به روش جسم شناور دبی متناظر پنج رخداد بارش محاسبه گردید. نتایج آنالیز حساسیت مدل نشان داد که درصد نواحی نفوذناپذیر موثرترین پارامتر بر دبی‌اوج رواناب است. ارزیابی آماره‌ها (نش-ساتکلیف، مجذور میانگین‌مربع‌خطا، درصدبایاس و ضریب‌تعیین) در مراحل واسنجی و صحت‌سنجی گواه برعملکرد خوب (دبی پیک و زمان دبی پیک) مدل بود. در مجموع ارزیابی پیاده‌سازی سناریو‌های: ماند بیولوژیکی، سنگ فرش نفوذپذیر، ترانشه نفوذ، جوی باغچه و تلفیق کلیه سناریوها موجب کاهش رواناب تولیدی به ترتیب به میزان 51/8 ، 58/9 ،79/15 ،25/10 و 43/45 درصد شد. درنهایت، در دوره بازگشت‌های 2، 5 و 10 سال بهینه‌ترین عملکرد به ترتیب در سناریوهای تلفیق‌ سناریوها، ترانشه‌نفوذ، جوی‌باغچه، سنگ فرش‌ نفوذپذیر و ماند بیولوژیکی صورت ‌گرفته است. نتایج پژوهش حاضر نشان داد که پیاده‌سازی راهکارهای توسعه‌کم‌اثر همراه با شبکه زهکش سنتی شهر در مدل SWMM تخمین خوبی را در جهت بررسی عملکرد و شیوه‌های اجرایی سناریوهای مختلف در اختیار متخصصین و مدیران شهری قرار می‌دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Simulating urban surface runoff and prioritizing low-impact development methods using the SWMM model (Case study: Neyshabur)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Esmaeil Hesari
  • Ali Mohammad Akhoond-Ali
  • Mohammad Amin Maddah
Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, Faculty of Water and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Recently, the change in hydrological characteristics and the response of the urban watershed to rainfall and flooding has become increasingly evident in terms of quantity and quality for human life and resources. Preventing the waste of these effluents and consequently compensating for the lack of water resources is an effective step in this regard. In this study, rainfall-runoff simulations in SWMM were used to investigate the hydrological response of the Neyshabur urban catchment to production runoff using low-impact development methods under six different scenarios. The inflow data corresponding to the hyetograph of five precipitation events at the outlet point were collected in the field using the float method. Statistical evaluations (Nash-Sutcliffe, RMSE, percent bias, and coefficient of determination) during the calibration and validation phases proved the good performance of the model (peak-discharge and its time). The percentage of impervious surfaces was found to be the most effective parameter for peak runoff discharge. Overall, the implementation of the following scenarios was evaluated: Bio-Retention-Cell, Porous-Paver-Systems, Infiltration-Trench, Vegetative-Swale and the Combination-of-the-Scenarios resulted in a reduction in runoff of 8.51, 9.58, 15.79, 10.25 and 43 percent, respectively. Finally, in the return periods of 2, 5 and 10 years, the best performance has been achieved by Combination-of-the-Scenarios, Infiltration-Trench, Vegetative-Swale, Porous-Paver-Systems and Bio-Retention-Cell. The results of the present study have shown that the implementation of low-impact development strategies together with the conventional urban drainage network in the SWMM is a good estimate for testing the performance and implementation methods of different scenarios for experts and managers.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • LID
  • Rainfall-runoff
  • Sensitivity analysis
  • Urban catchment

مراجع

  1. Ahmadzadeh, H., SaeedAbadi, R., & Nouri, A. (2015). A Study and Zoning of the Areas Prone to Flooding with an Emphasis on Urban Floods (Case Study: City of Maku). Hydrogeomorphology, 1(2), 1-24. (In Persian).
  2. Arman, N., Shahbazi, A., Faraji, M., & Dehdari, S. (2019). Effect of urban development on runoff generation by SWMM, case study: Khuzestan Province, Izeh, Journal of Watershed Engineering and Management, 11(3), 750-758. (In Persian).
  3. Arvand S., Delghandi, M., Ganji, Z., & Alipour, A. (2020). Evaluation of Storm Water Management Model (SWMM5.0) in simulation of urban runoff (case study: urban catchment of Neyshabur). Irrigation and Water Engineering, 10(3), 68-81. (In Persian).
  4. Beheshti, F., Tajbakhsh, M., & Shahidi, A. (2022). Evaluating the effect of water harvesting methods on urban runoff (Case study: Birjand urban watershed). Journal of Rainwater Catchment Systems, 10(1), 1-12. (In Persian).
  5. De Paola, F., Giugni, M., Pugliese, F., & Romano, P. (2018). Optimal design of lids in urban stormwater systems using a harmony-search decision support system. Water Resources Management, 32(15), 4933-4951.
  6. Del Giudice, G., & Padulano, R. (2016). Sensitivity analysis and calibration of a rainfall-runoff model with the combined use of EPA-SWMM and genetic algorithm. Acta Geophysica, 64, 1755-1778.
  7. Ebrahimzadeh, Z., Malekian, A., Mohseni, M., & Zare Bidaki, R. (2021). Determination of possible waterlogging points of drainage network of Fooladshahr city in urban flood. Iranian Journal of Watershed Management Science and Engineering, 15 (52), 54-62. (In Persian).
  8. Farokhzadeh, B., Kiani, A., & Bazrafshan, O. (2021). Evaluation of SWMM hydrological-hydraulic model in urban runoff management (Case study: District 12 of Tehran Municipality). Urban Economics and Planning. 1(4), 243-251. (In Persian).
  9. Fathian, H., Akhoond-Ali, A.M., & Sharifi, M. (2020). Parameters Uncertainty Analysis in Estimating Probable Maximum Flood in Bakhtiary Dam Basin by Monte Carlo Method. Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research, 51(4), 855-871. (In Persian).
  10. Hassani, M., Niksokhan, M., Ardestani, M., & Mousavi, S. (2023). Evaluating the effects of climate change on urban runoff based on CMIP6 models (Case study: district 10 of Tehran municipality). Water and Soil Management and Modelling, 3(2), 269-285. (In Persian).
  11. Jamshidi, B., Tahmasebi Birgani, Y., Jafarpour, M., Alavi Bakhtiarvand, N.A., Babaei, A.A., Haghighi, A., & Goudarzi, Gh. (2020). Determining Quantitative-Qualitative Parameters of Shushtar City Runoff Model Using SWMM Calibration. Iranian Journal of Research in Environmental Health, 6(3), 239-249. (In Persian).
  12. Johannessen, B.G., Hamouz,V., SeifuGragne, A., & MereteMuthanna, T. (2019), The transferability of SWMM model parameters between green roofs with similar build-up, Journal of Hydrology, 569.
  13. Karamouz, M., Nazif, S., & Zahmatkesh, Z. (2014). Self Organizing Gaussian-Based Downscaling of Climate Data for Simulation of Urban Drainage Systems. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering 139(2), 98-112. (In Persian).
  14. Khaloei, S., Khalighisigaroodi, S., Ahmadauli, K., & Malekian, A. (2023). The effect of climate change on runoff produced in some part of Shiraz. Journal of Watershed Engineering and Management, 15(1), 55-67. (In Persian).
  15. Lagzian, R., Sadoddin, A., Ownegh, M., & Alipoor, A. (2019). Developing the stormwater management scenarios for Neyshabur City and choosing the best scenarios using a multi-criteria decision making technique. Watershed Engineering and Management, 11(2), 408-426. (In Persian).
  16. Mao, X., Jia, H., & Shaw, L. Y. (2017). Assessing the ecological benefits of aggregate LID-BMPs through modelling. Ecological Modelling, 353, 139-149.
  17. Mirzaei, H. (2016). Integrated urban runoff drainage management with emphasis on environmental approaches, (Case study: Mojahed district, Ahvaz). Environmental Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. M.Sc. Environmental Engineering: 139. (In Persian).
  18. Mozaffari, J., & Kobarfard, M. (2017). Investigation of qualitative and quantitative management at urban flood with EPA-SWMM model; Case study District 22 of Tehran. Irrigation and Water Engineering, 7(3), 47-59. (In Persian).
  19. Nahid, M., Zandmoghadam, M., & Karkehabadi, Z. (2021). Measuring and Evaluating the Resilience of Urban Areas against Urban Flooding (Case Study: District 4 of Tehran). Journal of Range and Watershed Management, 74(1), 189-205. (In Persian).
  20. Nazari A., Roozbahani A., & Hashemy Shahdany S. (2021). Urban Stormwater Management by Optimizing Low Impact Development Techniques and Integration of SWMM and SUSTAIN Models. Journal of Water and Wastewater, 32(4), 136-151. (In Persian).
  21. Omidi Arjenaki, M., Zarif Sanayei, H., & Heidarzadeh, H. (2020). Urban Surface Runoff Simulation and Prioritization of Critical Sub Catchments Using SWMM Model and TOPSIS Method (Case Study: Shahrekord City). Journal of Water & Wastewater, 31(128), 99-113. (In Persian).
  22. Panahi, G., & Esmaili, K. (2018). Recommendation of new approaches for urban flood management. Journal of Water and Sustainable Development, 5(1), 93-100. (In Persian).
  23. Platz, M., Simon, M., & Tryby, M. (2020). Testing of the storm water management model low impact development modules. JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association, 56, 283-296.
  24. Rafie, M., Rasouli, D., Zolghadr, M., & Mahbod, M. (2023). Evaluation of EPA SWMM, ASSA and Sewer GEMS Models in Analysis of Urban Flood Collected by Surface Drainage Network (Case Study: Lar New City), Water Engineering, 15(54), 107-124. (In Persian).
  25. Randall, M., Fensholt, R., Zhang, Y., & Jensen, M. (2019). Geographic Object Based Image Analysis of WorldView-3 Imagery for Urban Hydrologic Modelling at the Catchment Scale. Water, 11, 1133.
  26. Recanatesi, F., Petroselli, A., Ripa, M.N., & Leone, A. (2017). Assessment of stormwater runoff management practices and BMPs under soil sealing: A study case in a peri-urban watershed of the metropolitan area of Rome (Italy). Journal of Environmental Management, 201, 6-18.
  27. Rossman, L.A. (2015). Storm water management model. User's manual. Version 5.2, United States Environmental Protection Agency.
  28. Silva, M.D., Najjar, M.K., Hammad, A.W.A., Haddad, A., & Vazquez, E. (2020). Assessing the Retention Capacity of an Experimental Green Roof Prototype. Water, 12(1), 90.
  29. Temprano, J., Arango, Ó., Cagiao, J., Suárez, J., & Tejero, I. (2006). Stormwater quality calibration by SWMM: A case study in Northern Spain. Water Sa, 32(1), 55-63.
  30. Toranjian, A., & Marofi, S. (2023). Simulation of urban surface runoff using SWMM (Case study: Khezr sub-basin of Hamedan). Irrigation and Water Engineering, 13(13), 722-437. (In Persian).
  31. Yarahmadi, Y., Yousefi, H., Jahangir, M., & Sadatineghad, S. (2019). Evaluation of the network performance of surface water collection and guidance using the SWMM Hydrological Model (Case Study: District 6 of Tehran Municipality). Iranian Journal of Ecohydrology, 6(2), 415-429. (In Persian).
مدیریت آب و آبیاری
دوره 14، شماره 2
مهر 1403
صفحه 263-275

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار