بهینه سازی حذف نیترات، اوره و آمونیوم از پساب‌های کشاورزی با استفاده از برخی جاذب‌های آلی و معدنی اصلاح شده

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده علوم زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران.

10.22059/jwim.2026.404969.1271

چکیده

به منظور بررسی کارآیی جاذب‌های آلی و معدنی در حذف ترکیبات نیتروژنه از برخی جاذب‌های آلی در دسترس( شامل 7 جاذب: کاه و پوسته برنج، بایوچارکاه و پوسته برنج تهیه شده در دو دمای 300 و 600 درجه سانتی‌گراد و لئوناردیت) و معدنی(شامل 3 جاذب: بنتونیت، پامیس و زئولیت) در کاهش ترکیبات نیتروژنه (نیترات، اوره و آمونیوم) استفاده گردید. جهت افزایش کارایی و مقایسه، جاذب‌ها به صورت ساده، اصلاح شده با اسید و با آهن در دو اسیدیته مختلف (2pH= و 6pH=) به کار گرفته شدند. نتایج نشان داد بایوچار تهیه شده از کاه برنج در دمای 600 درجه سانتی‌گراد و اصلاح شده با آهن در 2=pH با جذب حدود 79 درصدی نیترات از آب بهترین جاذب برای حذف نیترات از آب در میان تمامی جاذب‌های آلی و معدنی مورد مطالعه در این پژوهش بود. بایوچار کاه برنج تهیه شده در 600 درجه سانتی‌گراد و اصلاح شده با آهن در 6 pH=، بیشترین میزان اوره را حذف کرد و زئولیت اصلاح شده با اسید نیز با جذب 92 درصدی آمونیوم بهترین عملکرد را نشان داد. لذا حذف موثر و کارآمد ترکیبات نیتروژنه بوسیله این جاذب‌ها صورت پذیرفت و اصلاح بوسیله اسید و آهن توانست قابلیت حذف این جاذب‌ها را بهبود بخشد. در نتیجه می‌توان از آن‌ها به عنوان روشی ارزان و در دسترس جهت حذف آلاینده‌ها از منابع آبی بهره برد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Optimization of nitrate, urea, and ammonium removal from agricultural wastewater using selected modified organic and inorganic adsorbents

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehri Boroumand
  • Mohammad Ali Bahmanyar
  • Mehdi Ghajar Sepanlou
  • Seyed Mostafa Emadi
Department of Soil Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences,‎ Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Sari, Iran.
چکیده [English]

One of the most important pollutants of surface and underground water resources are nitrogen compounds. These compounds enter the environment, particularly surface water resources, through various means, including agriculture and the use of chemical fertilizers, aquaculture, food industries, and refineries, and cause numerous problems directly or indirectly. Therefore, it is necessary to find a solution to remove or reduce these compounds. The use of inorganic and organic adsorbents can be an easy, effective, and low-cost method. To investigate the efficiency of organic and inorganic adsorbents in removing nitrogenous compounds, some available organic adsorbents (including 7 treatments: rice straw and husk, biochar-rice straw and husk prepared at two temperatures of 300 and 600 °C, and Leonardite) and inorganic adsorbents (including 3 treatments: bentonite, pumice, and zeolite) were used to remove nitrogenous compounds (nitrate, urea and ammonium). To increase efficiency and comparison, the adsorbents were used in simple form, modified with acid, and with iron at two different acidity levels (pH=2 and pH=6). The results showed that biochar prepared from rice straw at a temperature of 600 °C and modified with iron at pH=2, with an absorption of about 79% of nitrate from water, was the best adsorbent for removing nitrate from water among all organic and inorganic adsorbents studied in this study. Rice straw biochar prepared at 600°C and modified with iron at pH=6 removed the highest amount of urea, and acid-modified zeolite showed the best performance with 92% ammonium absorption. Overall, this study indicates the effective and efficient removal of nitrogen compounds by these adsorbents, and modification with acid and iron improved the removal capability of these adsorbents. As a result, they can be used as a cheap and accessible method for removing pollutants from water sources.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Removal of contaminants
  • Biochar
  • Rice straw
  • Leonardite and Bentonite

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مدیریت آب و آبیاری
دوره 16، شماره 1
تیر 1405
صفحه 109-126

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